BMS 986158

MF C₃₀H₃₃N₅O₂, MW495.627 g/mol

CAS 1800340-40-2

5H-Pyrido[3,2-b]indole-7-methanol, 3-(1,4-dimethyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-5-yl)-α,α-dimethyl-5-[(S)-phenyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methyl]-

MOA：Bromodomain and extraterminal domain protein inhibitor

Indication：Solid tumoursStatus：

Phase II ：Bristol-Myers Squibb (Originator)

Phase I/IISolid tumours

• Originator Bristol-Myers Squibb
• Class Antineoplastics; Small molecules
• Mechanism of Action Bromodomain and extraterminal domain protein inhibitors

• 01 Jun 2015 Phase-I/II clinical trials for Solid tumours (Late-stage disease, Metastatic disease) in Canada (NCT02419417)
• 02 Apr 2015 Bristol-Myers Squibb plans a phase I/IIa trial for Solid tumours (Late-stage disease) in USA, Australia and Canada (NCT02419417)

The genomes of eukaryotic organisms are highly organized within the nucleus of the cell. The long strands of duplex DNA are wrapped around an octomer of histone proteins to form a nucleosome. This basic unit is then further compressed by the aggregation and folding of nucleosomes to form a highly condensed chromatin structure. A range of different states of condensation are possible, and the tightness of this structure varies during the cell cycle, being most compact during the process of cell division. There has been appreciation recently that chromatin templates form a fundamentally important set of gene control mechanisms referred to as epigenetic regulation. By conferring a wide range of specific chemical modifications to histones and DNA (such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitinylation and SUMOylation) epigenetic regulators modulate the structure, function and accessibility of our genome, thereby exerting a huge impact in gene expression.

Histone acetylation is most usually associated with the activation of gene transcription, as the modification loosens the interaction of the DNA and the histone octomer by changing the electrostatics. In addition to this physical change, specific proteins bind to acetylated lysine residues within histones to read the epigenetic code. Bromodomains are small (-110 amino acid) distinct domains within proteins that bind to acetylated lysine residues commonly but not exclusively in the context of histones. There is a family of around 50 proteins known to contain bromodomains, and they have a range of functions within the cell. The BET family of bromodomain containing proteins

comprises 4 proteins (BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 and BRD-T) which contain tandem bromodomains capable of binding to two acetylated lysine residues in close proximity, increasing the specificity of the interaction.

BRD2 and BRD3 are reported to associate with histones along actively

transcribed genes and may be involved in facilitating transcriptional elongation (Leroy et al, Mol. Cell. 2008 30(1):51-60), while BRD4 appears to be involved in the recruitment of the pTEF-I3 complex to inducible genes, resulting in phosphorylation of RNA polymerase and increased transcriptional output (Hargreaves et al, Cell, 2009 138(1): 1294145). All family members have been reported to have some function in controlling or executing aspects of the cell cycle, and have been shown to remain in complex with chromosomes during cell division – suggesting a role in the maintenance of epigenetic memory. In addition some viruses make use of these proteins to tether their genomes to the host cell chromatin, as part of the process of viral replication (You et al., Cell, 2004 117(3):349-60).

Recent articles relating to this target include Prinjha et al., Trends in

Pharmacological Sciences, March 2012, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 146-153; Conway, ACS Med. Chem. Lett., 2012, 3, 691-694 and Hewings et al, J. Med. Chem., 2012, 55, 9393-9413.

Small molecule BET inhibitors that are reported to be in development include GSK-525762A, OTX-015, TEN-010 as well as others from the University of Oxford and Constellation Pharmaceuticals Inc.

Hundreds of epigenetic effectors have been identified, many of which are chromatin-binding proteins or chromatin-modifying enzymes. These proteins have been associated with a variety of disorders such as neurodegenerative disorders, metabolic diseases, inflammation and cancer. Thus, these compounds which inhibit the binding of a bromodomain with its cognate acetylated proteins, promise new approaches in the treatment of a range of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases or conditions and in the treatment of various types of cancer.

PATENT

WO 2015100282

Examples 54 & 55

2-[3-(Dimethyl-lH-l,2,3-triazol-5-yl)-5-[oxan-4-yl(phenyl)methyl]-5H-pyrido[3,2- b] indol-7-yl] pr opan-2-ol

Enantiomer A, Example 54 Enantiomer B, Example 55

Step 1 : 2-C hloro-5-(l ,4-dimethyl- 1H- 1 ,2,3-triazol-5-yl)pyridin-3-amine

To a 100 mL round bottom flask containing 5-bromo-2-chloropyridin-3-amine (2.90 g, 14.0 mmol), l,4-dimethyl-5-(tributylstannyl)-lH-l,2,3-triazole (2.70 g, 6.99 mmol) [Seefeld, M.A. et al. PCT Int. AppL, 2008, WO2008098104] and Pd(PPh₃)₄ (0.61 g, 0.52 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) was added cuprous iodide (0.20 g, 1.05 mmol) and Et₃N (1.9 mL, 14.0 mmol). The reaction mixture was purged with N₂ for 3 min and then heated at 100 °C for 1 h. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was diluted withl0% LiCl solution and extracted with EtOAc (2x). The combined organics were washed with sat. NaCl, dried over MgS0₄, filtered and concentrated. CH₂C1₂ was added, and the resulting precipitate was collected by filtration. The mother liquor was concentrated and purified using ISCO silica gel chromatography (40 g column, gradient from 0% to 100% EtOAc/CH₂Cl₂). The resulting solid was combined with the precipitate and triturated with cold EtOAc to give the title compound (740 mg, 47%) as a light tan solid. LCMS (M+H) = 224.1; HPLC RT = 1.03 min (Column: Chromolith ODS S5 4.6 x 50 mm; Mobile Phase A: 10:90 MeOH: water with 0.1% TFA; Mobile Phase B: 90: 10 MeOH:water with 0.1% TFA; Temperature: 40 °C; Gradient: 0-100% B over 4 min; Flow: 4 mL/min).

Step 2: Methyl 3-((2-chloro-5-(l,4-dimethyl-lH-l,2,3-triazol-5-yl)pyridin-3-yl)amino)benzoate

Following a procedure analogous to that described in Step 2 of Example 1, 2-chloro-5-(l ,4-dimethyl-lH-l,2,3-triazol-5-yl)pyridin-3-amine (740 mg, 3.31 mmol) was converted to the title compound (644 mg, 54%). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC1₃) δ 7.94 (t, J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 7.88 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.83 (dt, J=7.8, 1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.49 (t, J=7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (d, J=2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.36 (ddd, J=8.0, 2.3, 0.9 Hz, 1H), 6.38 (s, 1H), 3.99 (s, 3H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 2.34 (s, 3H); LCMS (M+H) = 358.2; HPLC RT = 2.34 min (Column:

Chromolith ODS S5 4.6 x 50 mm; Mobile Phase A: 10:90 MeOH:water with 0.1% TFA; Mobile Phase B: 90: 10 MeOH:water with 0.1% TFA; Temperature: 40 °C; Gradient: 0-100% B over 4 min; Flow: 4 mL/min).

Step 3: Methyl 3-(l,4-dimethyl-lH-l,2,3-triazol-5-yl)-5H-pyrido[3,2-6]indole-7-carboxylate

Following a procedure analogous to that described in Step 3 of Example 1 , methyl 3-((2-chloro-5-(l,4-dimethyl-lH-l,2,3-triazol-5-yl)pyridin-3-yl)amino)benzoate (2.82 g, 7.88 mmol) was converted to the title compound (1.58 g, 62%). 1H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-de) δ 11.93 (s, 1H), 8.62 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 8.36 (dd, J=8.2, 0.6 Hz, 1H), 8.29 -8.22 (m, 1H), 8.16 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.91 (dd, J=8.2, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 4.02 (s, 3H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 2.31 (s, 3H); LCMS (M+H) = 322.3; HPLC RT = 1.98 min (Column: Chromolith ODS S5 4.6 x 50 mm; Mobile Phase A: 10:90 MeOH:water with 0.1% TFA; Mobile Phase B: 90: 10 MeOH:water with 0.1% TFA; Temperature: 40 °C; Gradient: 0-100% B over 4 min; Flow: 4 mL/min).

Alternate synthesis of Methyl 3-(l,4-dimethyl-lH-l,2,3-triazol-5-yl)-5H-pyrido[3,2-b] indole-7-carboxylate

A mixture of methyl 3-bromo-5H-pyrido[3,2-b]indole-7-carboxylate (Step 2 of Example 40, 3.000 g, 9.83 mmol), l,4-dimethyl-5-(tributylstannyl)-lH-l,2,3-triazole (4.18 g, 10.82 mmol), copper (I) iodide (0.281 g, 1.475 mmol), Pd(Ph₃P)₄ (0.738 g, 0.639 mmol) and triethylamine (2.74 mL, 19.66 mmol) in DMF (25 mL) was purged under a nitrogen stream and then heated in a heating block at 95 °C for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature the reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted into ethyl acetate. Washed with water, NH₄OH, brine and concentrated. The residue was triturated with 100 mL CHC1₃, filtered off the solid and rinsed with CHC1₃ to give. 1.6 g of product. The filtrate was loaded unto the ISCO column (330 g column, A: DCM; B:

10%MeOH/DCM, 0 to 100% gradient) and chromatographed to give an additional 0.7 g. of methyl 3 -( 1 ,4-dimethyl- 1 H- 1 ,2,3 -triazol-5 -yl)-5H-pyrido [3 ,2-b]indole-7-carboxylate (2.30 g total, 7.16 mmol, 72.8 % yield).

Step 4: Methyl 3-(l,4-dimethyl-lH-l,2,3-triazol-5-yl)-5-(phenyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methyl)-5H-pyrido[3,2-b]indole-7-carboxylate

Following a procedure analogous to that described in Step 4 of Example 1 , methyl 3-(l,4-dimethyl-lH-l,2,3-triazol-5-yl)-5H-pyrido[3,2-¾]indole-7-carboxylate (80 mg, 0.25 mmol) was converted to the title compound (65 mg, 53%) after purification by prep HPLC (Column: Phen Luna C 18, 30 x 100 mm, 5 μιη particles; Mobile Phase A: 5:95 acetonitrile: water with 0.1% TFA; Mobile Phase B : 95 : 5 acetonitrile: water with 0.1% TFA; Gradient: 10-100% B over 14 min, then a 2-min hold at 100% B; Flow: 40 mL/min). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDC1₃) δ 8.51 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 8.50 (s, 1H), 8.47 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 8.10 (dd, J=8.1, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 7.63 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.46 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 7.40 – 7.30 (m, 3H), 5.62 (d, J=10.6 Hz, 1H), 4.11 – 4.03 (m, 4H), 3.92 – 3.83 (m, 4H), 3.56 (td, J=l 1.9, 1.8 Hz, 1H), 3.35 (td, J=l 1.9, 1.9 Hz, 1H), 3.18 – 3.05 (m, 1H), 2.30 (s, 3H), 2.04 (d, J=13.0 Hz, 1H), 1.71 – 1.58 (m, 1H), 1.50 – 1.37 (m, 1H), 1.09 (d, J=12.8 Hz, 1H); LCMS (M+H) = 496.3; HPLC RT = 2.93 min (Column: Chromolith ODS S5 4.6 x 50 mm; Mobile Phase A: 10:90 MeOH:water with 0.1% TFA; Mobile Phase B: 90: 10 MeOH:water with 0.1% TFA; Temperature: 40 °C; Gradient: 0-100% B over 4 min; Flow: 4 mL/min).

Step 5 : 2- [3-(Dimethyl- lH-1 ,2,3-triazol-5-yl)-5- [oxan-4-yl(phenyl)methyl] -5H-pyrido [3,2-6] indol-7-yl] pr opan-2-ol,

Following a procedure analogous to that described in Step 5 of Example 1 , methyl 3-(l ,4-dimethyl- IH- 1 ,2,3-triazol-5-yl)-5-(phenyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methyl)-5H-pyrido[3,2-b]indole-7-carboxylate (65 mg, 0.13 mmol) was converted to racemic 2-[3-(dimethyl-lH-l,2,3-triazol-5-yl)-5-[oxan-4-yl(phenyl)methyl]-5H-pyrido[3,2-¾]indol-7-yl]propan-2-ol, which was separated by chiral prep SFC (Column: Chiralpak IB 25 x 2 cm, 5 μιη; Mobile Phase: 70/30 C0₂/MeOH; Flow: 50 mL/min);to give Enantiomer A (24 mg, 36%) and Enantiomer B (26 mg, 38%). Enantiomer A: 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDC1₃) 5 8.44 (d, J=1.8 Hz, IH), 8.36 (d, J=8.2 Hz, IH), 7.98 (s, IH), 7.56 (d, J=1.7 Hz, IH), 7.47 – 7.41 (m, 3H), 7.37 – 7.32 (m, 2H), 7.31 – 7.28 (m, IH), 5.59 (d, J=10.5 Hz, IH), 4.06 (dd, J=11.8, 2.8 Hz, IH), 3.90 – 3.84 (m, 4H), 3.55 (td, J=11.9, 2.0 Hz, IH), 3.35 (td, J=11.9, 2.0 Hz, IH), 3.15 – 3.04 (m, IH), 2.30 (s, 3H), 2.04 (d, J=13.6 Hz, IH), 1.92 (s, IH), 1.75 (s, 6H), 1.69 – 1.58 (m, IH), 1.47 – 1.38 (m, IH), 1.12 (d, J=13.4 Hz, IH); LCMS (M+H) = 496.4; HPLC RT = 2.46 min (Column: Chromolith ODS S5 4.6 x 50 mm; Mobile Phase A: 10:90 MeOH:water with 0.1% TFA; Mobile Phase B: 90: 10 MeOH:water with 0.1% TFA; Temperature: 40 °C; Gradient: 0- 100% B over 4 min; Flow: 4 mL/min). SFC RT = 5.50 min (Column: Chiralpak IB 250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μιη; Mobile Phase: 70/30 C0₂/MeOH; Flow: 2 mL/min); SFC RT = 1.06 min (Column:

Chiralcel OD-H 250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μιη; Mobile Phase: 50/50 C0₂/(1 : 1 MeOH/CH3CN); Flow: 2 mL/min); [a]_D²° = -117.23 (c = 0.08, CHC1₃). Enantiomer B: 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDC1₃) δ 8.44 (d, J=l .8 Hz, IH), 8.36 (d, J=8.2 Hz, IH), 7.98 (s, IH), 7.56 (d, J=1.7 Hz, IH), 7.47 – 7.41 (m, 3H), 7.37 – 7.32 (m, 2H), 7.31 – 7.28 (m, IH), 5.59 (d, J=10.5 Hz, IH), 4.06 (dd, J=11.8, 2.8 Hz, IH), 3.90 – 3.84 (m, 4H), 3.55 (td, J=11.9, 2.0 Hz, IH), 3.35 (td, J=l 1.9, 2.0 Hz, IH), 3.15 – 3.04 (m, IH), 2.30 (s, 3H), 2.04 (d, J=13.6 Hz, IH), 1.92 (s, IH), 1.75 (s, 6H), 1.69 – 1.58 (m, IH), 1.47 – 1.38 (m, IH), 1.12 (d, J=13.4 Hz, IH); LCMS (M+H) = 496.4; HPLC RT = 2.46 min (Column: Chromolith ODS S5 4.6 x 50 mm; Mobile Phase A: 10:90 MeOH:water with 0.1% TFA; Mobile Phase B: 90: 10 MeOH:water with 0.1% TFA; Temperature: 40 °C; Gradient: 0-100% B over 4 min; Flow: 4 mL/min). SFC RT = 8.30 min (Column: Chiralpak IB 250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μιη; Mobile Phase: 70/30 C0₂/MeOH; Flow: 2 mL/min); SFC RT = 2.83 min (Column: Chiralcel OD-H 250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μιη; Mobile Phase: 50/50 C0₂/(1 : 1 MeOH/CH3CN); Flow: 2 mL/min); [a]_D²° = +88.78 (c = 0.10, CHC1₃).

Alternate Synthesis of Examples 54

2-[3-(Dimethyl-lH-l,2,3-triazol-5-yl)-5-[oxan-4-yl(phenyl)methyl]-5H-pyrido[3,2- b] indol-7-yl] propan-2-ol.

Enantiomer A, Example 54

Step 1: (S)-methyl 3-(l,4-dimethyl-lH-l,2,3-triazol-5-yl)-5-(phenyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methyl)-5H-pyrido[3,2-b]indole-7-carboxylate

The enantiomers of phenyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methanol ( 2.0 g, 10.4 mmol) [Orjales, A. et al. J. Med. Chem. 2003, 46, 5512-5532], were separated on preperative SFC. (Column: Chiralpak AD 5 x 25 cm, 5 μιη; Mobile Phase: 74/26

C0₂/MeOH; Flow: 270 mL/min; Temperature 30°C). The separated peaks were concentrated and dried under vacuum to give white solids. Enantiomer A: (S)-phenyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methanol: (0.91 g, 45.5%) SFC RT = 2.32 min

(Column: Chiralpac AD 250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μιη; Mobile Phase: 70/30 C0₂/MeOH; Flow: 3 mL/min); Temperature 40°C. Enantiomer B: (R)-phenyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methanol. (0.92 g, 46%) SFC RT = 3.09 min (Column: Chiralpac AD 250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μιη; Mobile Phase: 70/30 C0₂/MeOH; Flow: 3 mL/min); Temperature 40°C.

Following a procedure analogous to that described in Step 4 of Example 1 except using toluene (120mL) as the solvent, methyl 3-(l ,4-dimethyl-lH-l,2,3-triazol-5-yl)-5H-pyrido[3,2-b]indole-7-carboxylate (4 g, 12.45 mmol) and (R)-phenyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methanol (Enantiomer B above, 5.86 g, 30.5 mmol) was converted to the title compound (5.0 g, 81%). HPLC RT = 2.91 min (Column: Chromolith ODS S5 4.6 x 50 mm; Mobile Phase A: 10:90 MeOFLwater with 0.1% TFA; Mobile Phase B: 90: 10 MeOFLwater with 0.1% TFA; Temperature: 40 °C; Gradient: 0- 100% B over 4 min; Flow: 4 mL/min).

Step 2. (S)-2-[3-(Dimethyl-lH-l,2,3-triazol-5-yl)-5-[oxan-4-yl(phenyl)methyl]-5H-pyrido [3,2-b] indol-7-yl] propan-2-ol

A 500 mL round bottom flask containing (S)-methyl 3-(l,4-dimethyl-lH-l,2,3-triazol-5-yl)-5-(phenyl(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)methyl)-5H-pyrido[3,2-b]indole-7-carboxylate (5.0 g, 10.09 mmol) in THF (150 mL) was cooled in an ice/MeOH bath. MeMgBr, (3M in Et₂0, 17.0 mL, 51.0 mmol) was added slowly over 4 min. The resulting solution was stirred for 2 h and then quenched carefully with sat. NH₄C1. The reaction mixture was diluted with 10% LiCl solution extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was dried over MgS0₄, filtered and concentrated. The crude material was purified using ISCO silica gel chromatography (120 g column, gradient from 0%> to 6%>

MeOH/CH₂Cl₂). The product was collected and concentrated then dissolved in hot MeOH(35mL). To the mixture was added 15mL water and the mixture was cooled to room temperature. The resulting white precipitate was collected by filtration with 2: 1 MeOH/water rinse then dried under vacuum to give the title compound (3.2 g, 62%>). 1H

NMR (500 MHz, CDC1₃) δ 8.40 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 8.33 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.93 (s, 1H), 7.53 (d, J=l .8 Hz, 1H), 7.46 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 7.42 (dd, J=8.2, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 7.37 – 7.31 (m, 2H), 7.30 – 7.28 (m, 1H), 5.56 (d, J=10.5 Hz, 1H), 4.06 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 3.89 – 3.83 (m, 1H), 3.55 (td, J=11.9, 2.1 Hz, 1H), 3.35 (td, J=11.9, 2.1 Hz, 1H), 3.10 (q, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 2.39 (s, 3H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 2.03 (d, J=14.2 Hz, 1H), 1.89 (s, 1H), 1.74 (s, 6H), 1.68 -1.59 (m, 1H), 1.46 – 1.36 (m, 1H), 1.12 (d, J=12.2 Hz, 1H); LCMS (M+H) = 496.3; HPLC RT = 2.44 min (Column: Chromolith ODS S5 4.6 x 50 mm; Mobile Phase A: 10:90 MeOH: water with 0.1% TFA; Mobile Phase B: 90: 10 MeOH: water with 0.1%

TFA; Temperature: 40 °C; Gradient: 0-100% B over 4 min; Flow: 4 mL/min); SFC RT = 2.01 min (Column: Chiralcel OD-H 250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μιη; Mobile Phase: 60/40 C0₂/(1 : 1 MeOH/CH3CN); Flow: 2 mL/min). SFC RT = 1.06 min (Column: Chiralcel OD-H 250 x 4.6 mm, 5 μιη; Mobile Phase: 50/50 C0₂/(1 : 1 MeOH/CH3CN); Flow: 2 mL/min).

3rd speaker at #MEDI 1st time disclosures is Ashvin Gavai of @bmsnews talking about an oral BET inhibitor to treat cancer #ACSSanFran

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CC(C)(O)c2cc3n(c1cc(cnc1c3cc2)c4c(C)nnn4C)[C@@H](C5CCOCC5)c6ccccc6

ABBV 2222

Benzoic acid, 4-[(2R,4R)-4-[[[1-(2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)cyclopropyl]carbonyl]amino]-7-(difluoromethoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-2-yl]-

4-[(2R,4R)-4-({[1-(2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)cyclopropyl]carbonyl}- amino)-7-(difluoromethoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl]benzoic acid

CAS  1918143-53-9

DESCRIPTION

Cystic fibrosis (CF), one of the most common autosomal recessive genetic diseases in the Caucasian population, is caused by loss of function mutations in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene, which is located on chromosome 7 (http://www.cff.org/AboutCF/; Rowe S. M et al. (2005); N Eng J Med. (352), 1992-2001). Approximately 1:3500 and 1:3000 infants born in the United States and in Europe, respectively, are affected by CF, resulting in ˜75,000 cases worldwide, ˜30,000 of which are in the United State. Approximately 1,000 new cases of CF are diagnosed each year, with more than 75% of patients being diagnosed by 2 years of age. Nearly half the CF population is currently 18 years of age and older. The CFTR protein (Gregory, R. J. et al. (1990) Nature 347:382-386; Rich, D. P. et al. (1990) Nature 347:358-362; Riordan, J. R. et al. (1989) Science 245:1066-1073) is a cAMP/ATP-mediated ion channel expressed in a variety of cell types, including secretory and absorptive epithelial cells. CFTR regulates chloride and bicarbonate anion flux across the cell membrane, maintaining electro neutrality and osmolarity across the epithelial membrane (Quinton, P. M. (1990), FASEB J. 4: 2709-2727). CFTR is also responsible for regulating the activity of other ion channels and proteins (Guggino, W. B. et al. (2006), Nat Revs Molecular Cell Biology 7, 426-436).

Aberrations in CFTR function result in imbalance of the airway surface liquid, leading to mucus dehydration, inflammation, recurrent bacterial infection and irreversible lung damage, which lead to premature death in affected patients. Besides respiratory disease, CF patients suffer from gastrointestinal problems and pancreatic insufficiency. The majority of males (95%) with cystic fibrosis are infertile as a result of azoospermia caused by altered vas deferens; which may be absent, atrophic, or fibrotic. Fertility is also decreased among females with cystic fibrosis due to abnormal cervical mucus.

The F508del mutation, the most common of the approximately 1900 identified polymorphisms in CFTR, results in defective processing of CFTR in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (http://www.cftr2.org/index.php). Approximately 90% of the CF patients carry at least one copy of the F508del mutation (deletion of a phenylalanine on position 508), and 50%-60% of the patients are homozygous for this mutation. The defective processing of CFTR results in early CFTR degradation, which leads to reduced trafficking or absence of the protein on the membrane. As there have been over 100 CF disease-causing mutations identified, they have been classified according to their phenotypic consequences and belong to synthesis, maturation, regulation, conductance, reduced number due to quantity and reduced number due to stability classifications.

Current CF drug discovery efforts focus upon developing two classes of compounds to modulate CFTR. One class, called Correctors, helps to overcome the folding defects of the mutated CFTR protein to promote its maturation resulting in higher cell surface expression. The other classes of compounds, called Potentiators, help overcome the defective regulation and/or conductance of the protein by increasing the probability of channel opening on the membrane surface.

In addition, as the modulation of CFTR protein mutations to promote proper protein folding is beneficial for CF, there are other diseases mediated by CFTR. For example, Sjögren’s Syndrome (SS), an autoimmune disorder that results in symptoms of xerostomia (dry mouth) and keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS, dry eyes) may result from dysregulation of moisture producing glands throughout the body. Chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD), or chronic obstructive airway disease (COAD), which is a progressive and irreversible airflow limitation in the airways is result of several physiologic abnormalities, including mucus hyper secretion and impaired mucociliary secretion. Increasing the anion secretion by CFTR potentiators have been suggested to overcome these phenotypic complexities with Sjögren’s Syndrome by increasing the corneal hydration and by overcoming the impaired mucociliary secretion in COAD (Bhowmik A, et al. (2009) Vol. 103(4), 496-502; Sloane P, et al. PLOS One (2012) Vol 7(6), 239809 (1-13)).

STEP 1

(R)-methyl 4-(7-hydroxy-4-oxochroman-2-yl)benzoate

RXN……….By reacting  7-hydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one AND  (4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)boronic acid

STEP 2

(R)-methyl 4-(7-hydroxy-4-(methoxyimino)chroman-2-yl)benzoate

Reacting ABOVE compd  and O-methylhydroxylamine,

STEP 3

Methyl 4-((2R,4R)-4-amino-7-hydroxychroman-2-yl)benzoate

reacting ABOVE  compd with 5% platinum (0.05 equivalent) on carbon in acetic acid. The reaction was stirred at room temperature under hydrogen

THEN STEP 4

Methyl 4-((2R,4R)-4-amino-7-hydroxychroman-2-yl)benzoate isolated AS  trifluroroacetic acid salt

STEP 5
methyl 4-((2R,4R)-4-(1-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)cyclopropanec- arboxamido)-7-hydroxychroman-2-yl)benzoate

by reacting  1-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid  and HATU (1-[bis(dimethylamino)methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium 3-oxid hexafluorophosphate, the ABOVE compound AND  N-ethyl-N-isopropylpropan-2-amine

STEP 6

Methyl 4-((2R,4R)-4-(1-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)cyclopropanec- arboxamido)-7-(difluoromethoxy)chroman-2-yl)benzoate

by reacting ABOVE compound  and diethyl(bromodifluoromethyl)phosphonate

AND FINAL STEP7  is ESTER HYDROLYSIS USING lithium hydroxide to get ABBV 2222

Example 122

4-[(2R,4R)-4-({[1-(2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)cyclopropyl]carbonyl}- amino)-7-(difluoromethoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl]benzoic acid

[1880] To Example 123E (130 mg, 0.227 mmol) in methanol (2 mL) and water (0.5 mL) was added lithium hydroxide (32.6 mg, 1.360 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 35.degree. C. for 4 hours, LC/MS showed the conversion was complete. Solvent was removed under reduced pressure and water (2 mL) was added. The pH of the mixture was adjusted to pH 1-2 with the addition of 2 M HCl. The precipitated white solid was collected by filtration, and dried to provide the title compound (110 mg, 0.197 mmol, 87% yield). .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) .delta. 8.17-8.03 (m, 2H), 7.49 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 2H), 7.16-6.99 (m, 4H), 6.73-6.67 (m, 2H), 6.38 (d, J=73.6 Hz, 1H), 5.48 (td, J=10.4, 6.1 Hz, 1H), 5.36 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 5.31-5.21 (m, 1H), 2.52 (ddd, J=13.3, 6.0, 2.2 Hz, 1H), 1.86-1.71 (m, 2H), 1.68-1.60 (m, 1H), 1.10 (q, J=3.7, 2.4 Hz, 2H); MS (ESI-) m/z=558 (M-H).sup.-.

Example 123

methyl 4-[(2R,4R)-4-({[1-(2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)cyclopropyl]ca- rbonyl}amino)-7-(difluoromethoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl]benzoate

Example 123A

(R)-methyl 4-(7-hydroxy-4-oxochroman-2-yl)benzoate

[1881] A mixture of bis(2,2,2-trifluoroacetoxy)palladium (271 mg, 0.816 mmol), (S)-4-(tert-butyl)-2-(pyridin-2-yl)-4,5-dihydrooxazole (200 mg, 0.979 mmol), ammonium hexafluorophosphate(V) (798 mg, 4.90 mmol), (4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)boronic acid (2203 mg, 12.24 mmol) and dichloroethane (8 mL) in a 20 mL vial was stirred for 5 minutes at room temperature, followed by the addition of 7-hydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one (CAS 59887-89-7, MFCD00209371, 1323 mg, 8.16 mmol) and water (256 mg, 14.19 mmol). The vial was capped and the mixture was stirred at 60.degree. C. overnight. The reaction gradually turned black, with Pd plated out on the sides of the vial. The mixture was filtered through a plug of celite and eluted with ethyl acetate to give a red solution which was washed with brine. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the crude material was chromatographed using a 100 g silica gel cartridge and eluted with a gradient of 5-40% ethyl acetate in heptane to provide the title compound (1.62 g, 66.6% yield). .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) .delta. 8.15-8.04 (m, 2H), 7.87 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.60-7.49 (m, 2H), 6.62-6.45 (m, 2H), 5.87 (s, 1H), 5.53 (dd, J=12.8, 3.2 Hz, 1H), 3.94 (s, 3H), 3.07-2.80 (m, 2H); MS (ESI+) m/z=299 (M+H).sup.+.

Example 123B

(R)-methyl 4-(7-hydroxy-4-(methoxyimino)chroman-2-yl)benzoate

[1882] The mixture of Example 123A (960 mg, 3.22 mmol), sodium acetate (528 mg, 6.44 mmol) and O-methylhydroxylamine, hydrochloric acid (538 mg, 6.44 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) was stirred at 60.degree. C. overnight. Solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate and washed with water. The organic layers was dried over MgSO.sub.4, filtered, and concentrated. The residue was washed with ether to provide the title compound (810 mg, 2.475 mmol, 77% yield). .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) .delta. 8.15-8.03 (m, 2H), 7.81 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 1H), 7.58-7.43 (m, 2H), 6.50 (dd, J=8.6, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.45 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 5.21 (d, J=3.0 Hz, 1H), 5.12 (dd, J=12.2, 3.2 Hz, 1H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 3.45 (dd, J=17.2, 3.2 Hz, 1H), 2.63 (dd, J=17.2, 12.2 Hz, 1H); MS (ESI+) m/z 328 (M+H).sup.+.

Example 123C

Methyl 4-((2R,4R)-4-amino-7-hydroxychroman-2-yl)benzoate

[1883] A mixture of Example 123B (570 mg, 1.741 mmol) was treated with 5% platinum (0.05 equivalent) on carbon in acetic acid (5 mL). The reaction was stirred at room temperature under hydrogen (1 atmosphere) for 24 hours, LC/MS showed conversion over 95%. The mixture was filtered through a celite pad and solvent removed under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by preparative LC method TFA2 to provide the trifluroroacetic acid salt of the title compound (300 mg, 44% yield). LC/MS m/z 283 (M-NH.sub.2).sup.+.

Example 123D

methyl 4-((2R,4R)-4-(1-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)cyclopropanec- arboxamido)-7-hydroxychroman-2-yl)benzoate

[1884] A mixture of 1-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (162 mg, 0.668 mmol) and HATU (1-[bis(dimethylamino)methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium 3-oxid hexafluorophosphate, 380 mg, 1.0 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) was stirred for 5 minutes at room temperature, followed by the addition of Example 123C (200 mg, 0.334 mmol) and N-ethyl-N-isopropylpropan-2-amine (0.466 ml, 2.67 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, LC/MS showed reaction complete. The mixture was loaded on to a 25 g silica gel cartridge eluting with 5-50% ethyl acetate in heptane provide the title compound (204 mg, 58.3% yield). .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) .delta. 8.11-7.90 (m, 2H), 7.42 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.16-7.02 (m, 2H), 6.94 (dd, J=37.7, 8.3 Hz, 2H), 6.49-6.32 (m, 2H), 5.67 (s, 1H), 5.36 (dt, J=15.3, 8.7 Hz, 2H), 5.18 (d, J=10.7 Hz, 1H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 2.56-2.36 (m, 1H), 1.80-1.70 (m, 2H), 1.26 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 1H), 1.10-1.04 (m, 2H); MS (ESI-) m/z=521.9 (M-H).sup.-.

Example 123E

Methyl 4-((2R,4R)-4-(1-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)cyclopropanec- arboxamido)-7-(difluoromethoxy)chroman-2-yl)benzoate

[1885] To Example 123D (190 mg, 0.363 mmol) and diethyl(bromodifluoromethyl)phosphonate (0.129 ml, 0.726 mmol) in a mixture of acetonitrile (2 mL) and water (1 mL) was added 50% aqueous potassium hydroxide (244 mg, 2.178 mmol) drop wise via syringe while stirring vigorously. After the addition was completed, LC/MS showed conversion was complete with a small by-product peak. Additional water was added to the mixture and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3.times.20 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with 1 M HCl (5 mL) and water, dried over MgSO.sub.4, filtered, and concentrated. The residue was purified by preparative LC method TFA2 to provide the title compound (150 mg, 72% yield). .sup.1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl.sub.3) .delta. 8.09-8.00 (m, 2H), 7.49-7.41 (m, 2H), 7.15-6.99 (m, 4H), 6.75-6.66 (m, 2H), 5.50-5.40 (m, 1H), 5.33 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 5.25 (dd, J=11.3, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 3.93 (s, 3H), 2.50 (ddd, J=13.4, 6.1, 2.1 Hz, 1H), 1.84-1.71 (m, 2H), 1.65 (d, J=2.8 Hz, 1H), 1.11-1.06 (m, 2H); MS (ESI-) m/z=572 (M-H).sup.-.

REFERENCE

Next up is Xueqing Wang of @abbvie speaking about a collaboration with @GalapagosNV on a different cystic fibrosis treatment #ACSSanFran

///////////ABBV 2222

O=C(O)c1ccc(cc1)[C@@H]3Oc2cc(OC(F)F)ccc2C(C3)NC(=O)C4(CC4)c5ccc6OC(F)(F)Oc6c5

BLU 554

FGFR4 Inhibitor

N-[(3S,4S)-3-[[6-(2,6-Dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-quinazolinyl]amino]tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl]-2-propenamide

N-[(3S,4S)-3-[[6-(2,6-Dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)quinazolin-2-yl]amino]tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl]acrylamide

References on BLU-554

//////////BLU 554, FGFR4 Inhibitor,  Chandra Miduturu, @BlueprintMeds,  advanced heptocellular carcinoma, #ACSSanFran, PHASE 1, Neil Bifulco, Lucian V. Dipietro, Brian L. Hodous, Chandrasekhar V. MIDUTURU, BLUEPRINT, 

Now Chandra Miduturu of @BlueprintMeds is speaking in #MEDI 1st time disclosures about of advanced heptocellular carcinoma #ACSSanFran

PF 06821497

Cas 1844849-11-1

Designed to treat lymphoma

1(2H)-Isoquinolinone, 5,8-dichloro-2-[(1,2-dihydro-4-methoxy-6-methyl-2-oxo-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-3,4-dihydro-7-[(S)-methoxy-3-oxetanylmethyl]-

MF C₂₂ H₂₄ Cl₂ N₂ O_5, 

MW 467.34

PF 06821497

5,8-Dichloro-2-[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-7-[methoxy(3-oxetanyl)methyl]-3,4-dihydro-1(2H)-isoquinolinone

1(2H)-Isoquinolinone, 5,8-dichloro-2-[(1,2-dihydro-4-methoxy-6-methyl-2-oxo-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-3,4-dihydro-7-(methoxy-3-oxetanylmethyl)-

• Molecular Formula C₂₂H₂₄Cl₂N₂O₅
• Average mass 467.342 Da

PF 06821497

5,8-dichloro-2-[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-2-oxo-1H-pyridin-3-yl)methyl]-7-[(S)-methoxy(oxetan-3-yl)methyl]-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1-one

US2015361067

Inventors	Michael Raymond Collins, Robert Steven Kania, Robert Arnold Kumpf, Pei-Pei Kung, Daniel Tyler Richter, Scott Channing Sutton, Martin James Wythes
Original Assignee	Pfizer Inc.

• Epigenetic alterations play an important role in the regulation of cellular processes, including cell proliferation, cell differentiation and cell survival. The epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes and activation of oncogenes may occur through alteration of CpG island methylation patterns, histone modification, and dysregulation of DNA binding protein. Polycomb genes are a set of epigenetic effectors. EZH2 (enhancer of zeste homolog 2) is the catalytic component of the Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 (PRC2), a conserved multi-subunit complex that represses gene transcription by methylating lysine 27 on Histone H3 (H3K27). EZH2 plans a key role in regulating gene expression patterns that regulate cell fate decisions, such as differentiation and self-renewal. EZH2 is overexpressed in certain cancer cells, where it has been linked to cell proliferation, cell invasion, chemoresistance and metastasis.
• High EZH2 expression has been correlated with poor prognosis, high grade, and high stage in several cancer types, including breast, colorectal, endometrial, gastric, liver, kidney, lung, melanoma, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, and bladder cancers. See Crea et al., Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. 2012, 83:184-193, and references cited therein; see also Kleer et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2003, 100:11606-11; Mimori et al., Eur. J. Surg. Oncol. 2005, 31:376-80; Bachmann et al., J. Clin. Oncol. 2006, 24:268-273; Matsukawa et al., Cancer Sci. 2006, 97:484-491; Sasaki et al. Lab. Invest. 2008, 88:873-882; Sudo et al., Br. J. Cancer 2005, 92(9):1754-1758; Breuer et al., Neoplasia 2004, 6:736-43; Lu et al., Cancer Res. 2007, 67:1757-1768; Ougolkov et al., Clin. Cancer Res. 2008, 14:6790-6796; Varambally et al., Nature 2002, 419:624-629; Wagener et al., Int. J. Cancer 2008, 123:1545-1550; and Weikert et al., Int. J. Mol. Med. 2005, 16:349-353.
  Recurring somatic mutations in EZH2 have been identified in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and follicular lymphomas (FL). Mutations altering EZH2 tyrosine 641 (e.g., Y641C, Y641F, Y641N, Y641S, and Y641H) were reportedly observed in up to 22% of germinal center B-cell DLBCL and 7% of FL. Morin et al. Nat. Genetics 2010 February; 42(2):181-185. Mutations of alanine 677 (A677) and alanine 687 (A687) have also been reported. McCabe et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2012, 109:2989-2994; Majer et al. FEBS Letters 2012, 586:3448-3451. EZH2 activating mutations have been suggested to alter substrate specificity resulting in elevated levels of trimethylated H3K27 (H3K27me3).
  Accordingly, compounds that inhibit the activity of wild type and/or mutant forms of EZH2 may be of interest for the treatment of cancer.

SYNTHESIS

Steps

1 COUPLING, Ag2CO3

2 Alkylation, K2CO3

3 LiAlH4 REDUCTION

4 THIONYL CHLORIDE

5 N-Alkylation of Amides, t-BuOK

6 A GRIGNARD REACTION

7 AN ALKYLATION , METHYL IODIDE, t-BuOK

8 HYDROGENATION, DE BENZYLATION,  PLATINUM OXIDE

9 LAST STEP separation by chiral preparative, SFC on (R,R) Whelk O1 column, TO GET PF 06821497

PATENT

US 20150361067

///////////////PF 06821497, 1844849-11-1, PFIZER, lymphoma, Pei-Pei Kung,  @pfizer, #ACSSanFran, Michael Raymond Collins, Robert Steven Kania, Robert Arnold Kumpf, Pei-Pei Kung, Daniel Tyler Richter, Scott Channing Sutton, Martin James Wythes

Next up in #MEDI 1st time disclosures Pei-Pei Kung from @pfizer presenting a molecule designed to treat lymphoma #ACSSanFran

CO[C@H](c2cc(Cl)c3CCN(CC1=C(OC)C=C(C)NC1=O)C(=O)c3c2Cl)C4COC4

PRN 1371

• Molecular Formula C₂₆H₃₀Cl₂N₆O₄
• Average mass 561.460

cas 1802929-43-6

8-[3-(4-Acryloyl-1-piperazinyl)propyl]-6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(methylamino)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one

6-(2,6-Dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(methylamino)-8-[3-[4-(1-oxo-2-propen-1-yl)-1-piperazinyl]propyl]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one

Phase I Solid tumours

• Originator Principia Biopharma
• Class Small molecules
• Mechanism of Action Fibroblast growth factor receptor antagonists

• 06 Jun 2016 Adverse events data from a phase I trial in Solid tumours presented at the 52^nd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO- 2016)
• 01 Nov 2015 Phase-I clinical trials in Solid tumours in USA (PO) (NCT02608125)
• 12 Jan 2015 Preclinical trials in Cancer in USA (PO)

Erik Verner

Kenneth Albert Brameld

CONTD………………..

Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors (FGFRs) play important roles in physiological processes relating to tissue repair, hematopoiesis, bone growth, angiogenesis and other aspects of embryonic development. Alterations in the FGF signaling pathway have also emerged as important drivers in human disease. FGF signaling can be deregulated through multiple mechanisms, including gene amplification, activating mutations and translocations, overexpression, altered FGFR gene splicing, and autocrine or paracrine overproduction of the ligands of FGFR. Deregulated FGF signaling has been documented in human tumors, including breast (see Ray, M. E., et. al., 2004. Genomic and expression analysis of the 8pl 1-12 amplicon in human breast cancer cell lines. Cancer Res 64:40-47), multiple myeloma (see Keats, J.J., et. al., 2006. Ten years and counting: so what do we know about t(4;14)(pl6;q32) multiple myeloma. Leuk Lymphoma 47:2289-2300), non-invasive bladder (see Billerey, C, et al. 2001. Frequent

FGFR3 mutations in papillary non-invasive bladder (pTa) tumors. Am J Pathol 158: 1955-1959), endometrial (see Pollock, P.M., et al. 2007. Frequent activating FGFR2 mutations in endometrial carcinomas parallel germline mutations associated with craniosynostosis and skeletal dysplasia syndromes. Oncogene 26:7158-7162), gastric (see Jang, J.H., et. al, 2001. Mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 and fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 genes associated with human gastric and colorectal cancers. Cancer Res 61 :3541-3543), prostate cancers (see Sahadevan, K., D et. al., 2007. Selective over-expression of fibroblast growth factor receptors 1 and 4 in clinical prostate cancer. J Pathol 213:82-90), lung (see Hammerman P, et al. Genomic characterization and targeted therapeutics in squamous cell lung cancer [abstract]; Proceedings of the 14th World Conference on Lung Cancer; 2011 3-7 July; Aurora (CO); and International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer; 2011), esophageal (see Hanada K, et al, Identification of fibroblast growth factor-5 as an overexpressed anti-gen in multiple human adenocarcinomas. Cancer Res 2001; 61 : 5511-6), cholangiocarcinoma (see Arai, Y., et al. 2014. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 tyrosine kinase fusions define a unique molecular subtype of cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatology 59, 1427-1434 and Borad, M. J., et al. 2014). Integrated genomic characterization reveals novel, therapeutically relevant drug targets in FGFR and EGFR pathways in sporadic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. PLoS genetics 10, el004135), glioblastoma (see Rand V., et. al. Sequence survey of receptor tyrosine kinases reveals mutations in glioblastomas. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102: 14344 – 9 and Parker, et. al. 2014. Emergence of FGFR family gene fusions as therapeutic targets in a wide spectrum of solid tumours. The Journal of pathology 232, 4-15). FGFR1 translocations and FGFR1 fusions are frequently observed in 8pl 1 myeloproliferative syndromes (Jackson, C. C, Medeiros, L. J., and Miranda, R. N. (2010). 8pl 1 myeloproliferative syndrome: a review. Human pathology 41, 461-476). Activating mutations in FGFR3 have been shown to cause a number of dwarf syndromes (see Harada, D., et. al, 2009. FGFR3-related dwarfism and cell signaling. J Bone Miner Metab 27:9-15) including achondroplasia (see Bellus, G.A., et. al., 1995. Achondroplasia is defined by recurrent G380R mutations of FGFR3. Am J Hum Genet 56:368-373; Bellus, G.A., et. al., 1995. A recurrent mutation in the tyrosine kinase domain of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 causes hypochondroplasia. Nat Genet 10:357-359; and Rousseau, F., et. al, 1994. Mutations in the gene encoding fibroblast growth factor receptor-3 in achondroplasia. Nature 371 :252-254), Crouzon dermoskeletal syndromes (see Robin, N.H., et. al, 1993. FGFR-Related Craniosynostosis Syndromes), hyopochondroplasia (see Prinos, P., et. al., 1995. A common FGFR3 gene mutation in hypochondroplasia. Hum Mol Genet 4:2097-2101), Muenke syndrome (see Muenke, M., et al. 1997. A unique point mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 gene (FGFR3) defines a new craniosynostosis syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 60:555-564), SADDAN (severe achondroplasia with developmental delay and acanthosis nigricans) (see Bellus, G.A., et al. 1999. Severe achondroplasia with developmental delay and acanthosis nigricans (SADDAN): phenotypic analysis of a new skeletal dysplasia caused by a Lys650Met mutation in fibroblast growth factor receptor 3. Am J Med Genet 85:53-65;

Tavormina, P.L., et al. 1999. A novel skeletal dysplasia with developmental delay and acanthosis nigricans is caused by a Lys650Met mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 gene. Am J Hum Genet 64:722-731), thanatophoric dysplasia ( see dAvis, P.Y., et. al, 1998. Constitutive activation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 by mutations responsible for the lethal skeletal dysplasia thanatophoric dysplasia type I. Cell Growth Differ 9:71-78; Kitoh, H., et. al, 1998. Lys650Met substitution in the tyrosine kinase domain of the fibroblast growth factor receptor gene causes thanatophoric dysplasia Type I. Mutations in brief no. 199. Online. Hum Mutat 12:362- 363; and Tavormina, P.L., et. al, 1995. Thanatophoric dysplasia (types I and II) caused by distinct mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptor 3. Nat Genet 9:321-328), platyspondylic lethal skeletal dysplasia (see Brodie, S.G., et. al, 1999. Platyspondylic lethal skeletal dysplasia, San Diego type, is caused by FGFR3 mutations. Am J Med Genet 84:476-480), and cervical cancer (see Cappellen, D., et. al., 1999. Frequent activating mutations of FGFR3 in human bladder and cervix carcinomas. Nat Genet 23: 18-20). Activating mutations in FGFR4 have been identified in rhabdomyosarcoma (see Shukla, N., et. al, Oncogene mutation profiling of pediatric solid tumors reveals significant subsets of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma and neuroblastoma with mutated genes in growth signaling pathways. Clin Cancer Res 18:748-757 and Marshall, A.D., et. al, PAX3-FOX01 and FGFR4 in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Mol Carcinog 51 :807-815). For these reasons, FGFRs are attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of diseases.

Patent

WO 2015120049

Example 6

Synthesis of 8-(3-(4-acryloylpiperazin-l-yl)propyl)-6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2- (methylamino)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one

Step 1

To a solution of 3-(piperazin-l-yl)propan-l-ol (1 g, 6.93 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in THF (50 mL) and TEA (2 g) was added di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (2.26 g, 10.36 mmol, 1.49 equiv). The resulting solution was stirred for 2 h at room temperature and then concentrated. The residue was purified by chromatography (DCM/MeOH (15: 1)) to provide 1.48 g (87%) of tert-butyl 4-(3-hydroxypropyl)piperazine-l-carboxylate as a light yellow liquid.

Step 2

To a solution of tert-butyl 4-(3-hydroxypropyl)piperazine-l-carboxylate (1.48 g, 6.06 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in DCM (60 mL), imidazole (620 mg) and TPP (2.38 g, 9.07 mmol, 1.50 equiv) was added I₂ (2.31 g, 9.10 mmol, 1.50 equiv). The resulting solution was stirred for 2 h at room temperature and then concentrated. The residue was purified by chromatography

(DCM/MeOH (50: 1)) to provide 1.65 g (77%) of tert-butyl 4-(3-iodopropyl)piperazine-l-carboxylate as yellow oil.

Step 3

To a solution of 6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(methylsulfanyl)-7H,8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one (600 mg, 1.51 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in acetone (50 mL) and K₂C0₃ (630 mg) was added tert-butyl 4-(3-iodopropyl)piperazine-l-carboxylate (640 mg, 1.81 mmol, 1.20 equiv). The resulting solution was heated to reflux for 3 h and then the solids were filtered out. The residue was purified by chromatography (DCM/EtOAc (2:1)) to provide 720 mg (77%) of tert-butyl 4-[3-[6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(methylsulfanyl)-7-oxo-7H,8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-8-yl]propyl]piperazine-l-carboxylate as a yellow solid.

Step 4

To a solution of tert-butyl 4-[3-[6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(methyl-sulfanyl)-7-oxo-7H,8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-8-yl]propyl]piperazine-l-carboxylate (720 mg, 1.15 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in CHC1₃ (50 mL) was added mCPBA (600 mg). The resulting solution was stirred overnight at room temperature and then quenched with sat. Na₂C0₃. The resulting solution was extracted DCM/MeOH(10: l) and the organic layer was concentrated. This provided 750 mg (97%)) of 4-[(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]-l-[3-[6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-

methanesulfonyl-7-oxo-7H,8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-8-yl]propyl]piperazin- 1 -ium- 1 -olate as a yellow solid.

Step 5

To a solution of 4-[(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]-l-[3-[6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-methanesulfonyl-7-oxo-7H,8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-8-yl]propyl]piperazin- 1 -ium- 1 -olate (750 mg, 1.12 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in tert-BuOH (50 mL), was added MeNH₂/THF(2N) (1 mL). The resulting solution was stirred for 2 h at 60° C and then concentrated. This provided 680 mg (98%) of 4-[(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]-l-[3-[6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(methylamino)-7-oxo-7H,8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-8-yl]propyl]piperazin-l-ium-l-olate as a yellow solid.

Step 6

To a solution of 4-[(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]-l-[3-[6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(methylamino)-7-oxo-7H,8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-8-yl]propyl]piperazin-l-ium-l-olate (680 mg, 1.09 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in MeOH (100 mL) was added Zn (1 g) and sat. NH₄C1 (4 mL). The resulting reaction mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature and then solids were filtered out. The residue was purified by chromatography (DCM/MeOH (35: 1)) to provide 650 mg (98%) of tert-butyl 4-[3-[6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(methylamino)-7-oxo-7H,8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-8-yl]propyl]piperazine-l-carboxylate as a yellow solid.

Step 7

To a solution of tert-butyl 4-[3-[6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(methylamino)-7-oxo-7H,8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-8-yl]propyl]piperazine-l-carboxylate (650 mg, 1.07 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in dioxane (12 mL), was added cone. HC1 (3 mL). The resulting solution was stirred for 3 h at room temperature and then concentrated. This provided 550 mg (95%) of 6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(methylamino)-8-(3-(piperazin-l-yl)propyl)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one hydrochloride as an off-white solid.

Step 8

To a solution of 6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(methylamino)-8-[3-(piperazin-l-yl)propyl]-7H,8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one hydrochloride (250 mg, 0.49 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in DCM (20 mL) was added TEA (120 mg, 1.19 mmol, 2.41 equiv) and prop-2-enoyl chloride (54 mg, 0.60 mmol, 1.21 equiv). The resulting solution was stirred for 2 h at room temperature and then quenched with H₂0 (30 mL). The resulting solution was extracted with DCM/MeOH(10:l) and the organic layers combined and concentrated. The crude product was purified by Prep-HPLC (Column, SunFire Prep CI 8 OBD Column, 150mm 5um lOnm; mobile phase, Water with lOmmol NH₄HC0₃and MeCN (30.0% MeCN up to 80.0% in 10 min);

Detector, nm). This provided 112.1 mg (41%>) of 6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-

(methylamino)-8-[3-[4-(prop-2-enoyl)piperazm^

one as a white solid. MS (ESI, pos. ion) m/z: 561.1 (M+l).

PATENT

Example 1

Synthesis of Compound (I)

Step 1

2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)acetic acid (1000 g) was charged into appropriately sized three-neck RBF equipped with a condenser and dissolved with methanol (10 L). Concentrated sulfuric acid (20 g) was added and a solution was brought to gentle boiling. Reaction progress was monitored by HPLC. The reaction mixture was transferred to appropriately sized RBF and

concentrated to ca. 3 L. and then co-evaporated with DMSO (3 L) to about 4 L and the residue containing methyl 2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)acetate (1071 g) was telescoped to Step 2.

Step 2

To an appropriate reactor equipped with mechanical stirrer methyl 2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)acetate (1071 g) in DMSO (3.2 L), 4-amino-2-(methylthio)-pyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde (819 g, 0.95 eq.), potassium carbonate (1057 g, 1.5 eq.) and cesium carbonate (249 g, 0.15 eq.) was charged and the mixture was stirred at 50 °C. After 15 h, the mixture containing 6-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(methylthio)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one was cooled to RT. Potassium carbonate (854g, 1.2 eq.) and tert-butyl 4-(3 -((methyl sulfonyl)oxy )propyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate HC1 (2112 g, 1.1 eq.) was charged. Upon completion of ther eaction, ethyl acetate and water were added.

Organic layer was separated and aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate.

Combined organic layers were washed with 25% aqueous solution of sodium chloride. Organic phase was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Drying agent was filtered off and washed with ethyl acetate. The filtrate was concentrated to ca. 9.6 L. and cooled to 0-5°C. A solution of ^-toluenesulfonic acid (970 g, 1.0 eq.) in ethyl acetate (4.28 L) was added dropwise. The resulted suspension was slowly warmed to RT and stirred for 5 h. Solids were filtered off, washed with ethyl acetate and dried give tert-butyl-4-(3-(6-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(methylthio)-7-oxopyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-8(7H)-yl)propyl)piperazine- 1-carboxylate 4-methylbenzenesulfonate. Step 3

To an appropriate reactor equipped with mechanical stirrer was charged acetic acid (12 L), 6-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(methylthio)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one (2000 g) and triethylamine (639 g, 2.3 eq.). Internal temperature was adjusted to approximately 20°C and N-chlorosuccinimide (1651 g, 4.5 eq.) was added at 20-30°C. Reaction was stirred for 2 hours. Ethyl acetate (30 L) was added. 5% aqueous NaCl solution (20 L) was added. The organic layer was separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with 30 % aqueous potassium carbonate solution (14 L). The organic layer was concentrated to ~ 12 L and used for next step directly.

Step 4

To tert-butyl-4-(3-(6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(methylsulfonyl)-7-oxopyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-8(7H)-yl)propyl)piperazine- 1-carboxylate (1804 g) in ethyl acetate extract (12 L)from Step 3, was added 2M methylamine solution in THF (3435 mL) was slowly added maintaining temperature below 30°C. After reaction was complete, the suspension concentrated to 3.3 L and ethyl acetate (6 L) was added. The mixture was heated at 50°C for 2h, and then cooled to RT. Solids were filtered off and washed with ethyl acetate, water and dried to give tert-butyl-4-(3-(6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(methylamino)-7-oxopyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-8(7H)-yl)propyl)piperazine-l-carboxylate (1845 g).

Step 5

tert-Butyl-4-(3-(6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(methylamino)-7-oxo-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-8(7H)-yl)propyl)piperazine-l-carboxylate (125 g) was charged into appropriately sized three-neck RBF equipped with a condenser and suspended in acetone (1000 mL). Concentrated (36%) aqueous hydrochloric acid (100 mL) was slowly added and the mixture was heated to 45°C for 1 h. the reaction mixture was gradually cooled to RT over 4 h and filtered, washed with acetone and dried to give tert-butyl-4-(3-(6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(methylamino)-7-oxopyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-8(7H)-yl)propyl)piperazine-l-carboxylate^»3HCl (125 g) in 98% yield.

Step 6

To an appropriate reactor tert-butyl-4-(3-(6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(methylamino)-7-oxopyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-8(7H)-yl)propyl)piperazine-l-carboxylate (50 g) and DMF (500 mL) was charged while stirring at RT. The suspension was cooled to 0-5°C and saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (375 mL) was slowly added maintaining temperature below 15°C with emission of C0₂. The mixture was cooled again to 0-5°C and acryloyl chloride (8.6 mL, 1.3 eq.) was slowly added at temperature below 10°C. Once acryloyl chloride addition was finished the reaction mixture was gradually warmed to RT over 1 h.

Saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (75 mL) was slowly added and the resulted mixture was heated at 45-55°C for 0.5-1.5 h. It was then gradually cooled to RT and stirred for another 0.5-1.5 h. Solids were filtered off, washed with water and dried.

Crude product was dissolved in dichloromethane (750 mL) at reflux and the solution was cooled to ambient temperature. Silica gel (7.5 g) was added while stirring. After 30 min. the mixture was filtered through Celite and the filtering bed was washed with dichloromethane.

Ethyl acetate (250 mL) was added and the solution was concentrated under reduced to about 250 mL at 40 – 50 °C. Ethyl acetate (450 mL) was slowly added at 50°C. After 30 min. the suspension was slowly cooled to 40°C and solids were filtered off, washed with ethyl acetate and dried to give 36 g of 8-(3-(4-acryloylpiperazin-l-yl)propyl)-6-(2,6-dichloro-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(methylamino)pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-7(8H)-one in 82%. XRPD analysis of the product showed an XRPD pattern for a highly crystalline compound, which was assigned as Form 1 (discussed in further detail below).

///////////PRN 1371, Phase I,  Solid tumours,  Principia Biopharma

Clc1c(OC)cc(OC)c(Cl)c1C4=Cc2cnc(NC)nc2N(CCCN3CCN(CC3)C(=O)C=C)C4=O

Now in #MEDI 1st time disclosures Principia Biopharma’s Kenneth Brameld on another FGFR inhibitor for solid tumors #ACSSanFran

FGF 401

NVP-FGF-401

CAS 1708971-55-4

N-[5-Cyano-4-[(2-methoxyethyl)amino]-2-pyridinyl]-7-formyl-3,4-dihydro-6-[(4-methyl-2-oxo-1-piperazinyl)methyl]-1,8-naphthyridine-1(2H)-carboxamide

/V-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide

Phase I/II Hepatocellular carcinoma; Solid tumours 

• Originator Novartis
• Developer Novartis Oncology
• Class Antineoplastics
• Mechanism of Action Type 4 fibroblast growth factor receptor antagonists
• 26 Jan 2016 Phase-I/II clinical trials in Solid tumours and Hepatocellular carcinoma in USA, Hong Kong, Japan, Taiwan, France, Germany and Spain (PO)
• 26 Dec 2014 Phase-I/II clinical trials in Hepatocellular carcinoma in Singapore (PO)
• 26 Dec 2014 Phase-I/II clinical trials in Solid tumours in Singapore (PO)

Activation of FGFRs (fibroblast growth factor receptors) has an essential role in regulating cell survival, proliferation, migration and differentiation.¹ Dysregulation of the FGFR signaling pathway has been associated with human cancer.¹ FGFRs represent an important target for cancer therapeutics because a growing body of evidence indicates that they can act in an oncogenic fashion to promote multiple steps of cancer progression, including induction of mitogenic and survival signals

FGF-401 is a FGFR4 inhibitor in phase I/II clinical studies at Novartis for the treatment of positive FGFR4 and KLB expresion solid tumors and hepatocellular carcinoma

Normal growth, as well as tissue repair and remodeling, require specific and delicate control of activating growth factors and their receptors. Fibroblast Growth Factors (FGFs) constitute a family of over twenty structurally related polypeptides that are developmental^ regulated and expressed in a wide variety of tissues. FGFs stimulate proliferation, cell migration and differentiation and play a major role in skeletal and limb development, wound healing, tissue repair, hematopoiesis, angiogenesis, and tumorigenesis (reviewed in Ornitz, Novartis Found Symp 232: 63-76; discussion 76-80, 272-82 (2001)).

The biological action of FGFs is mediated by specific cell surface receptors belonging to the Receptor Protein Tyrosine Kinase (RPTK) family of protein kinases. These proteins consist of an extracellular ligand binding domain, a single transmembrane domain and an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain which undergoes phosphorylation upon binding of FGF. Four FGFRs have been identified to date: FGFR1 (also called Fig, fms-like gene, fit- 2, bFGFR, N-bFGFR or Cek1 ), FGFR2 (also called Bek-Bacterial Expressed Kinase-, KGFR, Ksam, Ksaml and Cek3), FGFR3 (also called Cek2) and FGFR4. All mature FGFRs share a common structure consisting of an amino terminal signal peptide, three extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains (Ig domain I, Ig domain II, Ig domain III), with an acidic region between Ig domains (the “acidic box” domain), a transmembrane domain, and intracellular kinase domains (Ullrich and Schlessinger, Cell 61 : 203,1990 ; Johnson and Williams (1992) Adv. Cancer Res. 60: 1 -41). The distinct FGFR isoforms have different binding affinities for the different FGF ligands.

Alterations in FGFRs have been associated with a number of human cancers including myeloma, breast, stomach, colon, bladder, pancreatic and hepatocellular carcinomas. Recently, it was reported that FGFR4 may play an important role in liver cancer in particular (PLoS One, 2012, volume 7, 36713). Other studies have also implicated FGFR4 or its ligand FGF19 in other cancer types including breast, glioblastoma, prostate, rhabdomyosarcoma, gastric, ovarian, lung, colon (Int. J. Cancer 1993; 54:378-382; Oncogene 2010; 29:1543-1552; Cancer Res 2010; 70:802-812; Cancer Res 201 1 ; 71 :4550-4561 ; Clin Cancer Res 2004; 10:6169-6178; Cancer Res 2013;

73:2551 -2562; Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18:3780-3790; J. Clin. Invest. 2009; 1 19:3395-3407; Ann Surg Oncol 2010; 17:3354-61 ; Cancer 201 1 ; 1 17:5304-13; Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:809-820; PNAS 2013; 1 10:12426-12431 ; Oncogene 2008; 27:85-97).

Therapies involving FGFR4 blocking antibodies have been described for instance in

WO2009/009173, WO2007/136893, WO2012/138975, WO2010/026291 , WO2008/052798 and WO2010/004204. WO2014/144737 and WO2014/01 1900 also describe low molecular weight FGFR4 inhibitors.

in spite of numerous treatment options for patients with cancer, there remains a need for effective and safe therapeutic agents and a need for new combination therapies that can be administered for the effective long-term treatment of cancer.

Liver cancer or hepatic cancer is classified as primary liver cancer (i.e. cancer that forms in the tissues of the liver) and secondary liver cancer (i.e. cancer that spreads to the liver from another part of the body). According to the National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health, the number of estimated new cases and deaths from liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancer in the United States in 2014 was 33,190 and 23,000, respectively. Importantly, the percent surviving five years or more after being diagnosed with liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancer is only about 16%.

It has now been found that a combination of /V-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide in free form or in pharmaceutically acceptable salt form and at least one further active ingredient, as defined herein, shows synergistic combination activity in an in vitro cell proliferation assay as shown in the experimental section and may therefore be effective for the delay of progression or treatment of a proliferative disease, such as cancer, in particular liver cancer.

Nicole Buschmann

Drawn by worlddrugtracker, helping millions………………..

PATENT

WO 2015059668

https://www.google.com/patents/WO2015059668A1?cl=en

PATENT

WO 2016151500

A/-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1-yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide in citric acid salt form has the following structure:

Example 1 – A/-(5-cvano-4 (2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1-yl)methyl)-3,4-dihvdro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide in citric acid salt form (1 :1).

Step 1 : 2-(dimethoxymethyl)-1 ,8-naphthyridine.

The procedure described in J. Org. Chem., 2004, 69 (6), pp 1959-1966 was used. Into a 20 L 4-necked round-bottom flask was placed 2-aminopyridine-3-carbaldehyde (1000 g, 8.19 mol), 1 , 1-dimethoxypropan-2-one (1257 g, 10.64 mol), ethanol (10 L), and water (2 L). This was followed by the addition of a solution of sodium hydroxide (409.8 g, 10.24 mol) in water (1000 mL) drop wise with stirring at 0-15 °C. The solution was stirred for 3 h at 0-20 °C and then concentrated under vacuum. The resulting solution was extracted with 3×1200 mL of ethyl acetate and the organic layers were combined. The mixture was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was washed with 3×300 mL of hexane and the solid was collected by filtration. This resulted in the title compound as a yellow solid. ¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-cf₆) δ 9.1 1 (dd, 1 H), 8.53 (d, 1 H), 8.50 (dd, 1 H), 7.73 (d, 1 H), 7.67 (dd, 1 H), 5.44 (s, 1 H), 3.41 (s, 6H).

Step 2: 7-(dimethoxymethyl)-1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine.

The procedure described in J. Org. Chem. , 2004, 69 (6), pp 1959-1966 was used. Into a 5-L pressure tank reactor (5 atm) was placed 2-(dimethoxymethyl)-1 ,8-naphthyridine (200 g, 979 mmol), ethanol (3 L), Pt0₂ (12 g). The reactor was evacuated and flushed three times with nitrogen, followed by flushing with hydrogen. The mixture was stirred overnight at 23 °C under an

atmosphere of hydrogen. This reaction was repeated four times. The solids were filtered out and the resulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum to give the title compound as a yellow solid. ¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.14 (d, 1 H), 6.51 (d, 1 H), 6.47 – 6.41 (m, 1 H), 4.98 (s, 1 H), 3.28 -3.19 (m, 2H), 3.23 (s, 6H), 2.64 (t, 2H), 1 .73 – 1.79 (m, 2H).

Step 3: 6-bromo-7-(dimethoxymethyl)-1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine.

Into a 3 L 4-necked round-bottom flask was placed 7-(dimethoxymethyl)-1 ,2,3, 4-tetrahydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine (1 14.6 g, 550.3mmol) in acetonitrile (2 L). This was followed by the addition of NBS (103 g, 578 mol) in portions with stirring at 25 °C. The resulting solution was stirred for 30 min at 25 °C. The resulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum and the residue was diluted with 1000 mL of diethylether. The mixture was washed with 3×100 mL of ice/water. The aqueous phase was extracted with 2×100 mL of diethylether and the organic layers were combined. The resulting mixture was washed with 1×100 mL of brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum to give the title compound as a light yellow solid. LC-MS: (ES, m/z): 286.03 [M+H]⁺. ¹ H-NMR: (300MHz, CDCI₃) δ 1 .86 – 1 .94 (2H, m), 2.70 – 2.74 (2H, m), 3.9 – 3.43 (2H, m), 3.47 (6H, s), 5.23 (1 H, s), 5.58 (1 H, s), 7.29 (1 H, s).

Step 4: 2-(dimethoxymethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-3-carbaldehyde.

To a solution of 6-bromo-7-(dimethoxymethyl)-1 ,2,3, 4-tetrahydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine (15.0 g, 52.2 mmol) in THF (400 mL) at -78 °C under argon, was added MeLi (1 .6 M in Et₂0, 32.6 mL, 52.2 mmol), the solution was stirred for 5 min, then n-BuLi (1 .6 M in hexane, 35.9 mL, 57.5 mmol) was added slowly and the solution was stirred for 20 min. THF (100 mL) was added to the reaction at -78 °C. Subsequently, n-BuLi (1 .6 M in hexane, 49.0 mL, 78 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 20 min, then again n-BuLi (1 .6 M in hexane, 6.53 mL, 10.45 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred for 10 min at – 78 °C. DMF (2.10 mL, 27.2 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at -78 °C for 45 min, then it was allowed to warm to room temperature, poured into sat. aq. NH₄CI and extracted twice with DCM. The combined organic phases were dried over Na₂S0₄, filtered and evaporated to give the title compound as an orange oil. (UPLC-MS 3) t_R 0.63 min; ESI-MS 237.2 [M+H]⁺.

Step 5: ethyl 2-((2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)acetate.

Ethyl bromoacetate (1.27 mL, 1 1 .48 mmol) was added to a mixture of tert-butyl (2-(methylamino)ethyl)carbamate (2.0 g, 1 1 .48 mmol), triethylamine (4.81 mL) and THF (24 mL) at 0 °C. After stirring 24 h at room temperature the reaction mixture was partitioned between saturated aqueous NaHC0₃ and DCM, extracted 2x with DCM, the organic layers dried over Na₂S0₄ and

evaporated to give the title compound as a clear pale-yellow oil. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI₃) δ 5.20 (s, br, 1 H), 4.18 (q, 2H), 3.24 (s, 2H), 3.22 – 3.16 (m, 2H), 2.65 – 2.61 (m, 2H), 2.38 (s, 3H), 1 .42 (s, 9H), 1 .24 (t, 3H).

Step 6: ethyl 2-((2-aminoethyl)(methyl)amino)acetate dihydrochloride.

Concentrated hydrochloric acid (10 mL) was added to a solution of ethyl 2-((2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)acetate (3.05 g, 1 1 .13 mmol) in THF (20 mL) and EtOH (100 mL) at room temperature. After stirring 1 h at room temperature the reaction mixture was evaporated, ethanol (20 mL) added, evaporated, further ethanol (50 mL) added and then stirred at 60 °C for 70 min. The cooled reaction mixture was then evaporated to give the title compound as a pale-yellow glass. ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.58 (s, br, 3H), 4.19 (q, 2H), 4.26 – 4.15 (m, 2H), 3.44 (s, br, 2H), 3.21 (s, br, 2H), 2.88 (s, 3H), 1 .21 (t, 3H).

Step 7: 1 -((2-(dimethoxymethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1 ,8-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)-4-methylpiperazin-2-one.

Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (3.10 g, 14.61 mmol) was added to a mixture of 2-(dimethoxymethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-3-carbaldehyde (obtained in step 4, 2.30 g, 9.74 mmol), ethyl 2-((2-aminoethyl)(methyl)amino)acetate dihydrochloride (obtained in step 6, 2.6 g, 14.61 mmol) and triethylamine (6.75 mL, 48.7 mmol) in 1 ,2-dichloroethane (20 mL) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred for 21 h at room temperature and additional sodium triacetoxyborohydride (2.6 g, 9.74 mmol) was added. After a further 4 h stirring at room temperature, again additional sodium triacetoxyborohydride (1 .3 g, 4.87 mmol) was added and the reaction maintained at 4 °C for 2.5 days. The reaction mixture was then warmed to room temperature, saturated aqueous NaHC0₃ solution added, the mixture extracted with DCM (3x), the combined organic layers dried over Na₂S0₄ and evaporated. The residue was applied to a 120 g RediSep® silica column as a DCM solution and purified by normal phase chromatography, eluting with a gradient from DCM to 10% MeOH in DCM. Product containing fractions were combined and evaporated to give the title compound as an orange foam. ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI₃) δ 7.08 (s, 1 H), 5.30 (s, br, 1 H), 5.20 (s, 1 H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 3.44 – 3.34 (m, 2H), 3.40 (s, 6H), 3.22 – 3.15 (m, 2H), 3.24 (s, 2H), 2.71 – 2.64 (m, 2H), 2.58 – 2.50 (m, 2H), 2.31 (s, 3H), 1 .98 – 1.82 (m, 2H). (UPLC-MS 6) t_R 0.33; ESI-MS 335.3 [M+H]⁺.

Step 8: 4-fluoro-5-iodopyridin-2-amine.

A suspension of 4-fluoropyridin-2-amine (336 g, 2.5 mol) and NIS (745 g, 2.75 mol) in MeCN (9 L) was treated with TFA (1 14 g, 1 mol). The reaction mixture was then stirred at room temperature for 8 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc (10 L), washed with sat. aq. Na₂S₂0₃ (2 x 5 L), brine (4 x 5 L). The combined organic layers were dried over Na₂S0₄, filtered and concentrated to get the crude product. The crude product was purified by recrystallization from EtOAc/pentane (1/10) to afford the title compound as a white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-cf₆) δ 8.14 (d, 1 H), 6.45 (s, 2H), 6.33 (d, 1 H).

Step 9: 6-amino-4-fluoronicotinonitrile.

4-fluoro-5-iodopyridin-2-amine (obtained in step 8, 240 g, 1 mol), zinc cyanide (125 g, 1.05 mol), zinc (13 g, 0.2 mol), Pd₂(dba)₃ (25 g, 25 mmol) and dppf (55 g, 0.1 mol) in DMA (800 mL) were degassed and charged into the round bottom flask under nitrogen. The mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 3 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with 5% NaHC0₃ (2 L), extracted with EtOAc (4 x 600 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with 5% NaOH (1 L), dried over Na₂S0₄, concentrated to 700 mL. The resulting organic phase was eluted through silica gel column with EtOAc (1.7 L). The combined organic filtrate was washed with 2 M HCI (3 x 800 mL). The pH of the aqueous phase was adjusted to 10 with saturated NaHC0₃. The aqueous phase was extracted whit DCM (3 x 500 mL). The combined DCM was dried over Na₂S0₄ and concentrated. The residue was further purified by column chromatography (eluted with pentane: EtOAc 10: 1 to 3:2) followed by recrystallization from pentane/EtOAc 3/1 to give the title compound as white solid. ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 8.40 (d, 1 H), 7.40 (s, 2H), 6.34 (d, 1 H).

Step 10: tert-butyl (4-chloro-5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)carbamate.

A mixture of 2,4-dichloro-5-cyanopyridine (1 Og, 57.8 mmol), fe/f-butyl carbamate (8.2 g, 70.5 mmol), Pd(OAc)₂ (0.26 g, 1 .1 mmol), Xantphos (1 .34 g, 2.3mmol) and K₂C0₃ (12 g, 87 mmol) in THF (150 mL) was degassed 3x with nitrogen. The mixture was then heated at 70 °C for 4-5 h and monitored by chromatography until complete conversion. Following completion of the reaction, additional THF (100 mL) was added and heated the mixture at 70 °C for additional 1 h and then cooled to room temperature. The suspension was then filtered through a pad of celite to remove the solid. The filtrate was then concentrated and azotropically distilled with ethyl acetete before filtering to give the title compound. ¹ H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ 10.82 (s, 1 H), 8.79 (s, 1 H), 8.09 (s, 1 H), 1 .49 (s, 9H).

Step 1 1 : fe/f-butyl N-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate.

A mixture of tert-butyl (4-chloro-5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)carbamate (obtained in step 10, 9.8 g, 38.6 mmol), 2-methoxyethylamine (5.8 g, 77.3 mmol) and DIPEA (6 g, 46.4 mmol) in DMSO (80 mL) was heated at 65-70 °C for 24 h and monitored by chromatography until complete conversion. The

solution was then cooled to room temperature and a white solid precipitated gradually. Water (20 mL) was then added slowly within 1 h. The suspension was stirred for a further 1 h, filtered and dried to give the title compound as a white solid. ¹ H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ 9.87 (s, 1 H), 8.18 (s, 1 H), 7.20 (s, 1 H), 6.86 (s, 9H), 3.51 (t, 2H), 3.36 (t, 2H), 3.28 (s, 3H), 1.47 (s, 9H).

Step 12: 6-amino-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)nicotinonitrile.

A solution of 6-amino-4-fluoronicotinonitrile (obtained in step 9, 1 .10 g, 8.02 mmol) in DMA (20 mL) was treated with 2-methoxyethylamine (2.07 mL, 24.1 mmol) and DIPEA (4.20 mL, 24.1 mmol), heated to 50 °C and stirred for 15 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated. The crude material was purified by normal phase chromatography (24 g silica gel cartridge, heptanes/EtOAc 100:0 to 0:100). The product containing fractions were concentrated and dried under vacuum to give the title compound as an off-white solid.

An alternative synthesis of 6-amino-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)nicotinonitrile is outlined below:

To tert-butyl N-{5-cyano-4-[(2-methoxyethyl)amino]pyridin-2-yl}carbamate (obtained in step 1 1 , 7g) was added 30-36% aqueous HCI (40 mL), the mixture stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes and monitored by chromatography until complete conversion. The solution was then basified with 20-30% NaOH solution to pH=9-10 and filtered to give a white solid. The solid was added to ethyl acetate (15 mL) and heated to 50-55 °C to form a clear solution. The solution was then cooled to 3-6 °C, stirred for 2-3 h and filtered. The wet cake was then dried to give the title compound as a white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 7.92 (s, 1 H), 6.39 (s, 2H), 6.15 (t, 1 H), 5.61 (s, 1 H), 3.46 (t, 2H), 3.27 (s, 3H), 3.24 (q, 2H). (UPLC-MS 3) t_R 0.62; ESI-MS 193.1 [M+H]⁺.

Step 13: N-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-(dimethoxymethyl)-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide.

A solution of 6-amino-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)nicotinonitrile (obtained in step 12, 481 mg, 2.50 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (1.5 mL) was added drop wise over 10 minutes to a mixture of di(1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-1 -yl)methanone (410 mg, 2.50 mmol) and DMF (1 .5 mL) cooled at 0 °C. After stirring for 45 minutes at 0 °C the reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and after a further 90 minutes at room temperature a solution of 1 -((2-(dimethoxymethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1 ,8-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)-4-methylpiperazin-2-one (obtained in step 7, 418 mg, 1.00 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 17.5 h at room temperature, quenched by the addition of MeOH and evaporated. The residue was applied to a 80 g RediSep® silica column as a DCM solution and purified by normal phase chromatography, eluting with a gradient from DCM to 2% MeOH in DCM. Product containing fractions were combined and evaporated to give the title compound as an orange foam. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 13.50 (s, 1 H), 8.27 (s,

1 H), 7.52 (s, 1 H), 7.39 (s, 1 H), 6.93 (t, 1 H), 5.45 (s, 1 H), 4.65 (s, 2H), 3.94 – 3.89 (m, 2H), 3.54 -3.50 (m, 2H), 3.40 – 3.35 (m, 2H), 3.38 (s, 6H), 3.29 (s, 3H), 3.20 – 3.16 (m, 2H), 3.05 (s, 2H), 2.86 – 2.80 (m, 2H), 2.61 – 2.55 (m, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 1 .94 – 1 .88 (m, 2H). (UPLC-MS 6) t_R 0.72; ESI-MS 553.3 [M+H]⁺.

Step 14: /V-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-form

yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide

Concentrated hydrochloric acid (0.40 mL) was added to a solution of A/-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-(dimethoxymethyl)-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide (obtained in step 13, 470 mg, 0.808 mmol) in THF (3 mL) and water (1 mL) at room temperature. After stirring for 3 h at room temperature saturated aqueous NaHC0₃ was added, the mixture extracted with DCM (3x), the organic layers dried over Na₂S0₄ and evaporated. The residue was sonicated with EtOAc (6 mL) and pentane (6 mL) and then filtered. The white solid obtained was then dissolved in DCM (6 mL), EtOAc added (3 mL), the solution warmed, sealed and allowed to stand at room temperature for 2 h. Filtration and drying gave A/-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide as a white solid.

¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 13.43 (s, 1 H), 10.06 (s, 1 H), 8.24 (s, 1 H), 7.49 (s, 1 H), 7.47 (s, 1 H), 6.96 (t, br, 1 H), 4.86 (s, 2H), 3.96 – 3.90 (m, 2H), 3.52 – 3.46 (m, 2H), 3.39 – 3.33 (m, 2H), 3.30 – 3.21 (m, 2H), 3.37 (s, 3H), 3.02 (s, 2H), 2.93 – 2.86 (m, 2H), 2.61 – 2.56 (m, 2H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 1 .95 – 1.85 (m, 2H). (UPLC-MS 6) t_R0.70, ESI-MS 507.2, [M+H]⁺.

Step 15: A/-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide in citric acid form (1 :1 ).

A/-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide (obtained in step 14, 4g, 7.896 mmol) was stirred in propionic acid (29.3 g, 29.60mL) at 70 °C until dissolution was complete (20 minutes). The solution was cooled to 55 °C and a solution of citric acid in acetone (23% w/w) was added to it. Separately, a seed suspension was prepared by adding acetone (0.2 g, 0.252mL) to A/-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide in citric acid form (0.0185 g, 0.026 mmol). The seed suspension was added to the solution at 50 °C and the resulting suspension was left to stir at 50 °C for 40 minutes. A further solution of citric acid in acetone (26.6g, 2.51 % w/w, 33.63 mL) was added to the reaction over 380 minutes. The resulting suspension was stirred for a further 120 minutes and cooled to 20 °C with stirring over 4 hours. The suspension was stirred for another 12 hours

before filtering the suspension under vacuum and washing the resulting solid with a propionic acid: acetone solution (1 : 1 , 7g, 7.96ml_) at room temperature. The solid was further washed with acetone (7g, 8.85ml_) at room temperature. The resulting solid was dried in an oven at 40 °C and 5mbar to give the title compound as a light orange solid (5.2g, 7.443 mmol). (mw 698.70), mp (DSC) 168.8 °C (onset).

XRPD analysis showed the same pattern as with particles obtained by a process described in PCT/I B2014/065585 (reference example 1 ) – see Figure 5.

Example 1a

Steps 1 to 14 were carried out as described in example 1 .

Step 15a: A/-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide in citric acid form (1 : 1 )

A/-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide (obtained in step 14, 5g, 9.930 mmol) was stirred in propionic acid (33.5 g, 33.84ml_) at 60 °C. Once A/-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide had dissolved, anhydrous citric acid powder (0.19g, 0.9889 mmol) was added. The resulting suspension was heated to 70 °C and sonicated for 5 minutes to ensure full dissolution. The resulting solution was cooled to 50 °C and a solution of citric acid in ethyl acetate (3.7 g, 1 .3% citric acid in ethyl acetate) was added over 20 minutes. Seeds of N-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide in citric acid form (0.02 g) were added to the solution and the suspension was aged for 15 minutes. Another aliquot of citric acid in ethyl acetate (128g, 1 .3% citric acid in ethyl acetate) was added to the suspension over 1 1 .85hours. The suspension was left to stir for over 4 hours. The suspension was then filtered under vacuum (500mbar) and the resulting solid was washed firstly with a propionic acid: ethyl acetate solution (1 : 1 , 7g, 7.44ml_) at room temperature and then with ethyl acetate (12g, 13.38ml_) at room temperature. The resulting solid was dried in an oven at 40 °C and 5mbar to give the title compound as a light orange solid (6.3 g, 9.074 mmol).

XRPD analysis showed the same pattern as with particles obtained by a process described in PCT/I B2014/065585 (reference example 1 ) – see Figure 5.

Reference example 1 (described in PCT/IB2014/065585) – V-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihvdro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide in citric acid form (1 :1 )

Steps 1 to 14 were carried out as described in example 1.

Reference Step 15 – /V-(5-cvano-4-((2-methoxyethyl^‘)amino^‘)pyridin-2-yl^‘)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl^‘)methyl^‘)-3,4-dihvdro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H^‘)-carboxamide in citric acid form (1 :1 )

A solution of citric acid (96.9 mg) in acetone (5 mL) was prepared at room temperature (0.1 M). A portion of the 0.1 M citric acid in acetone solution (2 mL) was then added to a suspension of Λ/-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide (100 mg) in acetone (4 mL) and the mixture sonicated for 1 minute then heated at 55 °C with stirring for 2 h before slowly cooling to room temperature. The white solid was then collected by filtration, washing 2x with acetone (2 mL), and dried for 18 h at 40 °C under vacuum to give the title salt.

Alternatively, N-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide (6.5 g, 12.83 mmol) was placed in a 500ml 4-flask reactor. 49 mL of glacial acetic acid was added and the resulting suspension was stirred at 23 °C until a clear mixture was obtained. In a separate flask, anhydrous 2-hydroxypropane-1 ,2,3-tricarboxylic acid (2.59 g, 13.47 mmol, 1 .05 equiv.) was dissolved in 49 mL of glacial acetic acid at 50 °C until a clear solution was obtained. This solution was then added at 23°C to the N-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide solution previously prepared. This mixture was stirred for 30 min at 23 °C and then added dropwise over 1 h to 192 mL of ethyl acetate warmed to 75 °C. The temperature remained constant over the addition. At the end of the addition, the temperature of the mixture was cooled slowly to 23 °C and let 16h at this temperature under gentle stirring. The suspension was cooled to 5-10 °C and filtered. The cake was washed with 15 mL of ethyl acetate and 15 mL of acetone. The wet cake (ca 8.5g) was transferred in a 500 mL flask containing 192 mL of dry acetone. The resulting suspension was refluxed for 24h. The suspension was filtered and the cake was washed with 2 times 15 mL of dry acetone then dried at 50 °C under vacuum for several hours to give the title salt.

PATENT

WO 2016151501

The synthesis of /V-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide (abbreviated herein as CPi and also named as Example 83) and salts thereof is disclosed in PCT/IB2014/065585, the content of which are incorporated by reference, as described herein below:

Example 83: /V-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide.

Concentrated hydrochloric acid (0.40 ml) was added to a solution of /V-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-(dimethoxymethyl)-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide (intermediate 80, 470 mg, 0.808 mmol) in THF (3 ml) and water (1 ml) at room temperature. After stirring for 3 h at room temperature saturated aqueous NaHC0₃ was added, the mixture extracted with DCM (3x), the organic layers dried over Na₂S0₄ and evaporated. The residue was sonicated with EtOAc (6 ml) and pentane (6 ml) and then filtered. The white solid obtained was then dissolved in DCM (6 ml), EtOAc added (3 ml), the solution warmed, sealed and allowed to stand at room temperature for 2 h. Filtration and drying gave the title compound as a white solid.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-c/₆) δ 13.43 (s, 1 H), 10.06 (s, 1 H), 8.24 (s, 1 H), 7.49 (s, 1 H), 7.47 (s, 1 H), 6.96 (t, br, 1 H), 4.86 (s, 2H), 3.96 – 3.90 (m, 2H), 3.52 – 3.46 (m, 2H), 3.39 – 3.33 (m, 2H), 3.30 – 3.21 (m, 2H), 3.37 (s, 3H), 3.02 (s, 2H), 2.93 – 2.86 (m, 2H), 2.61

– 2.56 (m, 2H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 1 .95 – 1 .85 (m, 2H).

(UPLC-MS 6) t_R 0.70, ESI-MS 507.2, [M+H]⁺.

The following salts were prepared from the above free form form of /V-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide by precipitation with the appropriate counterions.

Malate with 1 :1 stoichiometry (mw 640.66), mp (DSC) 181 .1 °C (onset): Acetone (2 ml) was added to a mixture of malic acid (26.4 mg, 0.197 mmol) and /V-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide (100 mg, 0.197 mmol) and the mixture heated on a mini-block with heating-cooling cycles from 55 to 5 °C for 7 repeat cycles (heating rate: 1 .5 °C/min, cooling rate: 0.25 °C/min). The white solid was collected by centrifugation and dried for 18 h at 40 °C to give the title salt.

Tartrate with 1 :0.5 stoichiometry (mw 581 .72), mp (DSC) 176.7 °C (onset). A solution of tartaric acid (75.7 mg) in methanol (5 ml) was prepared at room temperature (0.1 M). A portion of the 0.1 M tartaric acid in acetone solution (2 ml) was then added to a suspension of /V-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide (100 mg) in methanol (4 ml) and the mixture sonicated for 1 minute then heated at 55 °C with stirring for 2 h. The white solid was then collected by filtration, washing 2x with methanol (2 ml), and dried for 18 h at 40 °C under vacuum to give the title salt.

Tartrate with 1 :1 stoichiometry (mw 656.66), mp (DSC) 169.9 °C (onset): A solution of tartaric acid (75.7 mg) in acetone (5 ml) was prepared at room temperature (0.1 M). A portion of the 0.1 M tartaric acid in acetone solution (2 ml) was then added to a suspension of /V-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide (100 mg) in methanol (4 ml) and the mixture sonicated for 1 minute then heated at 55 °C with stirring for 2 h. The white solid was then collected by filtration, washing 2x with acetone (2 ml), and dried for 18 h at 40 °C under vacuum to give the title salt.

Citrate with 1 :0.5 stoichiometry (mw 602.73), mp (DSC) 168.4 °C (onset): A solution of citric acid (96.9 mg) in methanol (5 ml) was prepared at room temperature (0.1 M). A portion of the 0.1 M citric acid in methanol solution (2 ml) was then added to a suspension of /V-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide (100 mg) in methanol (4 ml) and the mixture sonicated for 1 minute then heated at 55 °C with

stirring for 2 h. The white solid was then collected by filtration, washing 2x with acetone (2 ml), and dried for 18 h at 40 °C under vacuum to give the title salt.

Citrate with 1 :1 stoichiometry (mw 698.70), mp (DSC) 168.8 °C (onset): A solution of citric acid (96.9 mg) in acetone (5 ml) was prepared at room temperature (0.1 M). A portion of the 0.1 M citric acid in acetone solution (2 ml) was then added to a suspension of /V-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide (100 mg) in acetone (4 ml) and the mixture sonicated for 1 minute then heated at 55 °C with stirring for 2 h before slowly cooling to room temperature. The white solid was then collected by filtration, washing 2x with acetone (2 ml), and dried for 18 h at 40 °C under vacuum to give the title salt.

Alternatively, N-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide (6.5 g, 12.83 mmol) was placed in a 500ml 4-flask reactor. 49 ml of glacial acetic acid was added and the resulting suspension was stirred at 23 °C until a clear mixture was obtained. In a separate flask, anhydrous 2-hydroxypropane-1 ,2,3-tricarboxylic acid (2.59 g, 13.47 mmol, 1 .05 equiv.) was dissolved in 49 ml of glacial acetic acid at 50 °C until a clear solution was obtained. This solution was then added at 23°C to the N-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7-formyl-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide solution previously prepared. This mixture was stirred for 30 min at 23 °C and then added dropwise over 1 h to 192 ml of ethyl acetate warmed to 75 °C. The temperature remained constant over the addition. At the end of the addition, the temperature of the mixture was cooled slowly to 23 °C and let 16h at this temperature under gentle stirring. The suspension was cooled to 5-10 °C and filtered. The cake was washed with 15 ml of ethyl acetate and 15 ml of acetone. The wet cake (ca 8.5g) was transferred in a 500 ml flask containing 192 ml of dry acetone. The resulting suspension was refluxed for 24h. The suspension was filtered and the cake was washed with 2 times 15 ml of dry acetone then dried at 50 °C under vacuum for several hours to give the title salt.

Intermediate 80: N-(5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)-7- (dimethoxymethyl)-6-((4-methyl-2-oxopiperazin-1 -yl)methyl)-3,4-dihydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-1 (2H)-carboxamide.

A solution of 6-amino-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)nicotinonitrile (intermediate 75, 481 mg, 2.50 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (1 .5 ml) was added drop wise over 10 minutes to a mixture of di(1 H-1 ,2,4-triazol-1 -yl)methanone (410 mg, 2.50 mmol) and DMF (1 .5 ml) cooled at 0 °C. After stirring for 45 minutes at 0 °C the reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and after a further 90 minutes at room temperature a solution of 1 -((2-(dimethoxymethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1 ,8-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)-4-methylpiperazin-2-one (intermediate 81 , 418 mg, 1 .00 mmol) in DMF (2 ml) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 17.5 h at room temperature, quenched by the addition of MeOH and evaporated. The residue was applied to a 80 g RediSep® silica column as a DCM solution and purified by normal phase chromatography, eluting with a gradient from DCM to 2% MeOH in DCM. Product containing fractions were combined and evaporated to give the title compound as an orange foam. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-c/₆) δ 13.50 (s, 1 H), 8.27 (s, 1 H), 7.52 (s, 1 H), 7.39 (s, 1 H), 6.93 (t, 1 H), 5.45 (s, 1 H), 4.65 (s, 2H), 3.94 – 3.89 (m, 2H), 3.54 – 3.50 (m, 2H), 3.40 – 3.35 (m, 2H), 3.38 (s, 6H), 3.29 (s, 3H), 3.20 – 3.16 (m, 2H), 3.05 (s, 2H), 2.86 – 2.80 (m, 2H), 2.61 – 2.55 (m, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 1 .94 – 1 .88 (m, 2H). (UPLC-MS 6) t_R 0.72; ESI-MS 553.3 [M+H]⁺.

Intermediate 81 : 1 -((2-(dimethoxymethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1 ,8-naphthyridin-3-yl)methyl)-4-methylpiperazin-2-one.

Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (3.10 g, 14.61 mmol) was added to a mixture of 2-(dimethoxymethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-3-carbaldehyde (intermediate 41 , 2.30 g, 9.74 mmol), ethyl 2-((2-aminoethyl)(methyl)amino)acetate dihydrochloride (intermediate 82, 2.6 g, 14.61 mmol) and triethylamine (6.75 ml, 48.7 mmol) in 1 ,2-dichloroethane (20 ml) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred for 21 h at room temperature and additional sodium triacetoxyborohydride (2.6 g, 9.74 mmol) was added. After a further 4 h stirring at room temperature, again additional sodium triacetoxyborohydride (1 .3 g, 4.87 mmol) was added and the reaction maintained at 4 °C for 2.5 days. The reaction mixture was then warmed to room temperature, saturated aqueous NaHC0₃ solution added, the mixture extracted with DCM (3x), the combined organic layers dried over Na₂S0₄ and evaporated. The residue was applied to a 120 g RediSep® silica column as a DCM solution and purified by normal phase chromatography, eluting with a gradient from DCM to 10% MeOH in DCM. Product containing fractions were combined and evaporated to give the title compound as an orange foam. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI₃) δ 7.08 (s, 1 H), 5.30 (s, br, 1 H), 5.20 (s, 1 H), 4.69 (s, 2H), 3.44 – 3.34 (m, 2H), 3.40 (s, 6H), 3.22 – 3.15 (m, 2H), 3.24 (s, 2H), 2.71 -2.64 (m, 2H), 2.58 – 2.50 (m, 2H), 2.31 (s, 3H), 1 .98 – 1 .82 (m, 2H). (UPLC-MS 6) t_R 0.33; ESI-MS 335.3 [M+H]⁺.

Intermediate 82: ethyl 2-((2-aminoethyl)(methyl)amino)acetate dihydrochloride.

Concentrated hydrochloric acid (10 ml) was added to a solution of ethyl 2-((2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)acetate (intermediate 83, 3.05 g, 1 1 .13 mmol) in THF (20 ml) and EtOH (100 ml) at room temperature. After stirring 1 h at room temperature the reaction mixture was evaporated, ethanol (20 ml) added, evaporated, further ethanol (50 ml) added and then stirred at 60 °C for 70 min. The cooled reaction

mixture was then evaporated to give the title compound as a pale-yellow glass. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-c/₆) δ 8.58 (s, br, 3H), 4.19 (q, 2H), 4.26 – 4.15 (m, 2H), 3.44 (s, br, 2H), 3.21 (s, br, 2H), 2.88 (s, 3H), 1 .21 (t, 3H).

Intermediate 83: ethyl 2-((2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)ethyl)(methyl)amino)acetate.

Ethyl bromoacetate (1 .27 ml, 1 1 .48 mmol) was added to a mixture of tert-butyl (2-(methylamino)ethyl)carbamate (2.0 g, 1 1 .48 mmol), triethylamine (4.81 ml) and THF (24 ml) at 0 °C. After stirring 24 h at room temperature the reaction mixture was partitioned between saturated aqueous NaHC0₃ and DCM, extracted 2x with DCM, the organic layers dried over Na₂S0₄ and evaporated to give the title compound as a clear pale-yellow oil. ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI₃) δ 5.20 (s, br, 1 H), 4.18 (q, 2H), 3.24 (s, 2H), 3.22 -3.16 (m, 2H), 2.65 – 2.61 (m, 2H), 2.38 (s, 3H), 1 .42 (s, 9H), 1 .24 (t, 3H).

Intermediate 41 : 2-(dimethoxymethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine-3-carbaldehyde.

To a solution of 6-bromo-7-(dimethoxymethyl)-1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine

(intermediate 12, 15.0 g, 52.2 mmol) in THF (400 ml) at -78 °C under argon, was added MeLi (1 .6 M in Et₂0, 32.6 ml, 52.2 mmol), the solution was stirred for 5 min, then n-BuLi (1 .6 M in hexane, 35.9 ml, 57.5 mmol) was added slowly and the solution was stirred for 20 min. THF (100 ml) was added to the reaction at – 78 °C. Subsequently, n-BuLi (1 .6 M in hexane, 49.0 ml, 78 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 20 min, then again n-BuLi (1 .6 M in hexane, 6.53 ml, 10.45 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred for 10 min at – 78 °C. DMF (2.10 ml, 27.2 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at -78 °C for 45 min, then it was allowed to warm to room

temperature, poured into sat. aq. NH₄CI and extracted twice with DCM. The combined organic phases were dried over Na₂S0₄, filtered and evaporated to give the title compound as an orange oil. (UPLC-MS 3) t_R 0.63 min; ESI-MS 237.2 [M+H]⁺.

Intermediate 12: 6-bromo-7-(dimethoxymethyl)-1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine.

Into a 3 I 4-necked round-bottom flask was placed 7-(dimethoxymethyl)-1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine (intermediate 4, 1 14.6 g, 550.3mmol) in acetonitrile (2 I). This was followed by the addition of NBS (103 g, 578 mol) in portions with stirring at 25 °C. The resulting solution was stirred for 30 min at 25 °C. The resulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum and the residue was diluted with 1000 ml of diethylether. The mixture was washed with 3×100 ml of ice/water. The aqueous phase was extracted with 2×100 ml of diethylether and the organic layers were combined. The resulting mixture was washed with 1 x100 ml of brine, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum to give the title compound as a light yellow solid. LC-MS: (ES, m/z):

286.03 [M+H]⁺. ¹H-NMR: (300MHz, CDCI₃) δ 1 .86 – 1 .94 (2H, m), 2.70 – 2.74 (2H, m), 3.9 – 3.43 (2H, m), 3.47 (6H, s), 5.23 (1 H, s), 5.58 (1 H, s), 7.29 (1 H, s).

Intermediate 4: 7-(dimethoxymethyl)-1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1 ,8-naphthyridine.

The procedure described in J. Org. Chem. , 2004, 69 (6), pp 1959-1966 was used. Into a 5-I pressure tank reactor (5 atm) was placed 2-(dimethoxymethyl)-1 ,8-naphthyridine (intermediate 5, 200 g, 979 mmol), ethanol (3 I), Pt0₂ (12 g). The reactor was evacuated and flushed three times with nitrogen, followed by flushing with hydrogen. The mixture was stirred overnight at 23 °C under an atmosphere of hydrogen. This reaction was repeated four times. The solids were filtered out and the resulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum to give the title compound as a yellow solid.

Intermediate 5: 2-(dimethoxymethyl)-1 ,8-naphthyridine.

The procedure described in J. Org. Chem. , 2004, 69 (6), pp 1959-1966 was used. Into a 20 I 4-necked round-bottom flask was placed 2-aminopyridine-3-carbaldehyde (1000 g, 8.19 mol), 1 ,1 -dimethoxypropan-2-one (1257 g, 10.64 mol), ethanol (10 I), and water (2 I). This was followed by the addition of a solution of sodium hydroxide (409.8 g, 10.24 mol) in water (1000 ml) drop wise with stirring at 0-15 °C. The solution was stirred for 3 h at 0-20 °C and then concentrated under vacuum. The resulting solution was extracted with 3×1200 ml of ethyl acetate and the organic layers were combined. The mixture was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum. The residue was washed with 3×300 ml of hexane and the solid was collected by filtration. This resulted in the title compound as a yellow solid. ¹H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-c/₆) δ 9.1 1 (dd, 1 H), 8.53 (d, 1 H), 8.50 (dd, 1 H), 7.73 (d, 1 H), 7.67 (dd, 1 H), 5.44 (s, 1 H), 3.41 (s, 6H).

Intermediate 75: 6-amino-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)nicotinonitrile.

A solution of 6-amino-4-fluoronicotinonitrile (intermediate 21 , 1 .10 g, 8.02 mmol) in DMA (20 ml) was treated with 2-methoxyethylamine (2.07 ml, 24.1 mmol) and DIPEA (4.20 ml_, 24.1 mmol), heated to 50 °C and stirred for 15 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated. The crude material was purified by normal phase chromatography (24 g silica gel cartridge, heptanes/EtOAc 100:0 to 0:100). The product containing fractions were concentrated and dried under vacuum to give the title compound as an off-white solid.

An alternative synthesis of 6-amino-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)nicotinonitrile is outlined below:

To fe/ -butyl N-{5-cyano-4-[(2-methoxyethyl)amino]pyridin-2-yl}carbamate (intermediate 287, 7g) was added 30-36% aqueous HCI (40 ml), the mixture stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes and monitored by chromatography until complete conversion. The solution was then basified with 20-30% NaOH solution to pH=9-10 and filtered to give a white solid. The solid was added to ethyl acetate (15 ml) and heated to 50-55 °C to form a clear solution. The solution was then cooled to 3-6 °C, stirred for 2-3 h and filtered. The wet cake was then dried to give the title compound as a white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-c/₆) δ 7.92 (s, 1 H), 6.39 (s, 2H), 6.15 (t, 1 H), 5.61 (s, 1 H), 3.46 (t, 2H), 3.27 (s, 3H), 3.24 (q, 2H). (UPLC-MS 3) t_R 0.62; ESI-MS 193.1 [M+H]⁺.

¹H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-c/₆) δ 7.14 (d, 1 H), 6.51 (d, 1 H), 6.47 – 6.41 (m, 1 H), 4.98 (s, 1 H), 3.28 – 3.19 (m, 2H), 3.23 (s, 6H), 2.64 (t, 2H), 1 .73 – 1 .79 (m, 2H).

Intermediate 21 : 6-amino-4-fluoronicotinonitrile.

4-fluoro-5-iodopyridin-2-amine (intermediate 22, 240 g, 1 mol), zinc cyanide (125 g, 1 .05 mol), zinc (13 g, 0.2 mol), Pd₂(dba)₃ (25 g, 25 mmol) and dppf (55 g, 0.1 mol) in DMA (800 ml) were degassed and charged into the round bottom flask under nitrogen. The mixture was stirred at 100 °C for 3 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with 5% NaHC0₃ (2 I), extracted with EtOAc (4 x 600 ml). The combined organic layers were washed with 5% NaOH (1 I), dried over Na₂S0₄, concentrated to 700 ml. The resulting organic phase was eluted through silica gel column with EtOAc (1 .7 I). The combined organic filtrate was washed with 2 M HCI (3 x 800 ml). The pH of the aqueous phase was adjusted to 10 with saturated NaHC0₃. The aqueous phase was extracted whit DCM (3 x 500 ml). The combined DCM was dried over Na₂S0₄ and concentrated. The residue was further purified by column chromatography (eluted with pentane: EtOAc 10:1 to 3:2) followed by recrystallization from pentane/EtOAc 3/1 to give the title compound as white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-c/₆) δ 8.40 (d, 1 H), 7.40 (s, 2H), 6.34 (d, 1 H).

Intermediate 22: 4-fluoro-5-iodopyridin-2-amine.

A suspension of 4-fluoropyridin-2-amine (336 g, 2.5 mol) and NIS (745 g, 2.75 mol) in MeCN (9 I) was treated with TFA (1 14 g, 1 mol). The reaction mixture was then stirred at room temperature for 8 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc (10 I), washed with sat. aq. Na₂S₂0₃ (2 x 5 I), brine (4 x 5 I). The combined organic layers were dried over Na₂S0₄, filtered and concentrated to get the crude product. The crude product was purified by recrystallization from EtOAc/pentane (1/10) to afford the title compound as a white solid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-c/₆) δ 8.14 (d, 1 H), 6.45 (s, 2H), 6.33 (d, 1 H).

Intermediate 287: fe/ -butyl (5-cyano-4-((2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)carbamate.

A mixture of tert-butyl (4-chloro-5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)carbamate (intermediate 288, 9.8 g, 38.6 mmol), 2-methoxyethylamine (5.8 g, 77.3 mmol) and DIPEA (6 g, 46.4 mmol) in DMSO (80 ml) was heated at 65-70 °C for 24 h and monitored by chromatography until complete conversion. The solution was then cooled to room temperature and a white solid precipitated gradually. Water (20 ml) was then added slowly within 1 h. The suspension was stirred for a further 1 h, filtered and dried to give the title compound as a white solid. ¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ 9.87 (s, 1 H), 8.18 (s, 1 H), 7.20 (s, 1 H), 6.86 (s, 9H), 3.51 (t, 2H), 3.36 (t, 2H), 3.28 (s, 3H), 1 .47 (s, 9H).

Intermediate 288: tert-butyl (4-chloro-5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)carbamate.

A mixture of 2,4-dichloro-5-cyanopyridine (10g, 57.8 mmol), fe/ -butyl carbamate (8.2 g, 70.5 mmol), Pd(OAc)₂ (0.26 g, 1 .1 mmol), Xantphos (1 .34 g, 2.3mmol) and K₂C0₃ (12 g, 87 mmol) in THF (150 ml) was degassed 3x with nitrogen. The mixture was then heated at 70 °C for 4-5 h and monitored by chromatography until complete conversion. Following completion of the reaction, additional THF (100 ml) was added and heated the mixture at 70 °C for additional 1 h and then cooled to room temperature. The suspension was then filtered through a pad of celite to remove the solid. The filtrate was then concentrated and azotropically distilled with ethyl acetete before filtering to give the title compound. ¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ 10.82 (s, 1 H), 8.79 (s, 1 H), 8.09 (s, 1 H), 1 .49 (s, 9H).

/////////////FGF 401, 1708971-55-4, PHASE 1, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Solid tumours, Novartis, Novartis Oncology,  Antineoplastics, Type 4 fibroblast growth factor receptor antagonists, NVP-FGF-401, Nicole Buschmann, Robin Alec Fairhurst, Pascal Furet, Thomas Knöpfel, Catherine Leblanc, Robert Mah, Pierre NIMSGERN, Sebastien RIPOCHE, Lv LIAO, Jing XIONG, Xianglin ZHAO, Bo Han, Can Wang,

Now in #MEDI 1st time disclosures Robin Fairhurst of @Novartis will also talk about an FGFR inhibitor. They are popular! #ACSSanFran

CN4CC(=O)N(Cc1cc(C=O)nc2N(CCCc12)C(=O)Nc3cc(NCCOC)c(C#N)cn3)CC4

AMG 176

C₃₃ H₄₁ Cl N₂ O₅ S, 613.21

14Z/8’Z

Spiro[5,7-etheno-1H,11H-cyclobut[i][1,4]oxazepino[3,4-f][1,2,7]thiadiazacyclohexadecine-2(3H),1′(2′H)-naphthalen]-8(9H)-one, 6′-chloro-3′,4′,12,13,16,16a,17,18,18a,19-decahydro-16-methoxy-11,12-dimethyl-, 10,10-dioxide, (1′S,11R,12S,14Z,16S,16aR,18aR)-

(1S,3’R,6’R,7’S,8’Z,1 l’R,12’R)-6-CHLORO-7′-METHOXY-l 1′-METHYL- 12′-( 1 -METHYL)-3 ,4-DIHYDRO-2H, 15 Ή-SPIRO [NAPHTHALENE- 1 ,22′- [20]OXA[13]THIA[1,14]DIAZATETRACYCLO[14.7.2.0³‘⁶.0¹⁹‘²⁴]PENTACOS A[8,16,18,24]TETRAEN]-15′-ONE 13 ‘,13 ‘-DIOXIDE

Z FORM 1883727-35-2

 

PHASE 1,  Amgen, Mcl-1 inhibitor,  tumors

• Class Antineoplastics; Small molecules
• Mechanism of Action MCL1 protein inhibitors
• Phase I Multiple myeloma
• 01 Jun 2016 Phase-I clinical trials in Multiple myeloma (Second-line therapy or greater) in USA, Australia (IV) (NCT02675452)
• 12 Feb 2016 Amgen plans a first-in-human phase I trial for Multiple myeloma (Second-line therapy or greater) in USA, Germany and Australia (IV) (NCT02675452)
• 22 Dec 2015 Preclinical trials in Multiple myeloma in USA (IV) before December 2015

Synthesis

1 Kang catalyst used, ie Pyridine, 2,6-bis[(4R)-5,5-dibutyl-4,5-dihydro-4-phenyl-2-oxazolyl]-

2 Martin’s reagent to get CHO group

3 Hydrolysis or Hydrogenolysis of Carboxylic Esters :p-MeC6H4SO3H

4 R:(Me3Si)2NH •Li,

5 Hydrolysis of Acetals CF3SO3H

6 Fe, AcOH CYCLIZATION

7 l-Camphor-SO3H, Na+ •(AcO)3BH-,

8 SOCl2, MeOH ESTERIFICATION

9 OXIDATION

CONTD………..

10 GRIGNARD BuLi, Me(CH2)4Me,

11 Hydrogenolysis of Carboxylic Esters

12 Acylation INVOLVING NITROGEN ATOM

13 CYCLIZATION , Ruthenium, [1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-2-imidazolidinylidene]dichloro(phenylmethylene)(tricyclohexylphosphine)-, (SP-5-41)-

14 METHYL IODIDE, Alkylation TO GET AMD 176

AMG 176

One common characteristic of human cancer is overexpression of Mcl-1. Mcl-loverexpression prevents cancer cells from undergoing programmed cell death (apoptosis), allowing the cells to survive despite widespread genetic damage.

Mcl-1 is a member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins. The Bcl-2 family includes pro-apoptotic members (such as BAX and BAK) which, upon activation, form a homo-oligomer in the outer mitochondrial membrane that leads to pore formation and the escape of mitochondrial contents, a step in triggering apoptosis. Antiapoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family (such as Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Mcl-1) block the activity of BAX and BAK. Other proteins (such as BID, BIM, BIK, and BAD) exhibit additional regulatory functions.

Research has shown that Mcl- 1 inhibitors can be useful for the treatment of cancers. MCl-1 is overexpressed in numerous cancers. See Beroukhim et al. (2010) Nature 463, 899-90. Cancer cells containing amplifications surrounding the Mcl-1 and Bcl-2-1-1 anti-apoptotic genes depend on the expression of these genes for survival. Beroukhim et al. Mcl- 1 is a relevant target for the re-iniation of apoptosis in numerous cancer cells. See G. Lessene, P. Czabotar and P.

Colman, Nat. Rev. Drug. Discov., 2008, 7, 989-1000; C. Akgul Cell. Mol. Life

Sci. Vol. 66, 2009; and Arthur M. Mandelin II, Richard M. Pope, Expert Opin. Ther. Targets (2007) l l(3):363-373.

New compositions and methods for preparing and formulating Mcl-1 inhibitors would be useful.

PATENT

WO 2016033486

https://www.google.com/patents/WO2016033486A1?cl=ru

GENERAL SYNTHETIC SCHEMES

General Procedure 1

Intermediates III can be prepared using standard chemistry techniques. For example, cyclobutane carbaldehyde II was combined with oxazepine I in an appropriate solvent at a temperature below RT, preferably about 0°C. Sodium cyanoborohydride was added, and the mixture was added to NaOH solution, to provide compound III.

General Procedure 2

Intermediate AA Intermediate EE IV

Intermediates IV can be prepared using standard peptide like chemistry. For example, DMAP was added to carboxylic acid Intermediate AA and Intermediate EE in an appropriate solvent at a temperature below RT, preferably about 0°C, followed by the addition of EDC hydrochloride. The mixture was warmed to ambient temperature, to provide carboxamide IV.

General Procedure 3

EXAMPLE A

Example A intermediates can be prepared using standard chemistry techniques. For example, carboxamide IV was combined with DCM followed by the addition of Hoveyda-Grubbs II. The mixture was cooled to ambient temperature to provide Example A.

General Procedure 4

Intermediate AA Intermediate EE

Intermediates V can be prepared using standard chemistry techniques. For example, Intermediate AA was combined with Intermediate EE in an appropriate solvent followed by the addition of Hoveyda-Grubbs II to provide compound V.

General Procedure 5

Example A intermediates can be prepared using standard chemistry techniques. For example, N,N-dimethylpyridin-4-amine was combined with compound VI in an appropriate solvent at a temperature below RT, preferably about 0°C, followed by the addition of N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N’-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride. The resulting mixture warmed to ambient temperature to provide Example A.

General Procedure 6

Example B intermediates can be prepared using standard chemistry techniques. For example, sodium hydride was added to a solution of Example A at a temperature below RT, preferably about 0°C, followed by the addition of Mel. The resulting mixture warmed to ambient temperature to provide Example B.

General Pr

Intermediates such as Example C can be prepared using standard chemistry techniques. For example, Example A and/or B and/or VII and platinum (IV) oxide were combined in an appropriate solvent at ambient temperature to provide Example C.

Compounds of the present invention generally can be prepared combining and further elaborating synthetic intermediates generated from commercially available starting materials. The syntheses of these intermediates are outlined below and further exemplification is found in the specific examples provided.

EXAMPLE 4. (1S,3’R,6’R,7’S,8’E,1 l’S,12’R)-6-CHLORO-7′-METHOXY-11′, 12 ‘-DIMETHYL-3 ,4-DIHYDRO-2H, 15 ‘H-SPIRO [NAPHTHALENE- 1 ,22’-[20]OXA[13]THIA[1,14]DIAZATETRACYCLO[14.7.2.0³‘⁶.0¹⁹‘²⁴]PENTACOS A[8, 16, 18,24]TETRAEN]-15′-ONE- 13 ‘, 13 ‘-DIOXIDE

To a slurry of (1 S,3’R,6’R,7’S,8’E, 1 l’S, 12’R)-6-chloro-7′-hydroxy-l l’,12′-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2h, 15’h-spiro[naphthalene-l,22′- [20]oxa[13]thia[l, 14]diazatetracyclo[14.7.2.0³‘⁶.0¹⁹‘²⁴]pentacosa[8,16, 18,24]tetra en]-15′-one 13 ‘, 13 ‘-dioxide (Example 2; 32.6 g, 49.1 mmol) (containing 9.8% toluene, starting material was not completely soluble in Me-THF) and Mel (15.2 mL, 245 mmol) in Me-THF (820 mL) was added KHMDS (1.0 M in THF, 167 mL, 167 mmol) dropwise for 30 min while maintaining reaction temperature between – 44°C and – 38°C under N₂. After the mixture was stirred at – 44°C for 30 min, the reaction was allowed to warm to rt and stirred for 1.5 h (LC/MS confirmed the reaction was complete). The reaction mixture was cooled to 5°C, quenched (170 mL of sat. aqueous NH₄C1 and 170 mL of FLO) while maintaining temperature between 5°C and 14°C, and acidified (340 mL of 10% aqueous citric acid). The organic layer was separated and the aqueous layer was back-extracted with EtOAc (500 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (3 x 500 mL), dried (MgS0₄), and concentrated under reduced pressure to provide a crude target compound (30.1 g, 49.1 mmol, quantitatively) (purity >98% with no over 1% major impurity from HPLC) as a bright yellow solid. After the same scale reaction was repeated four times, all the crude products (4 x 49.1 mmol = 196 mmol) were dissolved in EtOAc, combined, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Then the combined crude product was recrystallized as follows:

ethanol (800 mL) was added to the crude product and the resulting slurry solution was shaken while heating the solution for 20 min. H₂0 (250 mL) was added dropwise for 30 min at rt and the slurry was cooled down to 0°C. After the slurry was kept in an ice bath for 4 h, the solid product was filtered through filter paper. The filter cake was rinsed with ice-cold 30% FLO in EtOH (300 mL) and air-dried for 2 days. The product was further dried under high vacuum at 40°C for 4 days to provide the pure target compound (1 15 g, 188 mmol, 96 % yield) as a

white solid. ^XH NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-i¾) δ 11.91 (s, 1 H), 7.65 (d, J= 8.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.27 (dd, J= 8.5, 2.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.17 (d, J= 2.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.04 (dd, J= 8.2, 2.0 Hz, 1 H), 6.90 (d, J= 8.2 Hz, 1 H), 6.76 (d, J= 1.8 Hz, 1 H), 5.71 (ddd, J= 15.1, 9.7, 3.5 Hz, 1 H), 5.50 (ddd, J= 15.2, 9.2, 1.1 Hz, 1 H), 4.08 (qd, J= 7.2, 7.2, 7.2, 1.5 Hz, 1 H), 4.04 (d, J= 12.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.99 (d, J= 12.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.73 (d, J= 14.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.56 (d, J= 14.1 Hz, 1 H), 3.53 (dd, J= 9.1, 3.3 Hz, 1 H), 3.19 (d, J= 14.1 Hz, 1 H), 3.09 (s, 3 H), 3.03 (dd, J= 15.4, 10.4 Hz, 1 H), 2.79 (dt, J= 17.0, 3.5, 3.5 Hz, 1 H), 2.69 (ddd, J= 17.0, 10.7, 6.3 Hz, 1 H), 2.44-2.36 (m, 1 H), 2.24-2.12 (m, 2 H), 2.09 (ddd, J= 15.5, 9.6, 2.3 Hz, 1 H), 1.97 (dt, J = 13.6, 3.6, 3.6 Hz, 1 H), 1.91-1.80 (m, 4 H), 1.80-1.66 (m, 3 H), 1.38 (td, J= 12.3, 12.3, 3.5 Hz, 1 H), 1.33 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3 H), 0.95 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3 H); [cc]_D (24°C, c = 0.0103 g/mL, DCM) = – 86.07 °; m.p. 222.6 – 226.0°C; FT-IR (KBr): 3230 (b), 2931 (b), 1688 (s), 1598 (s), 1570 (s), 1505 (s), 1435 (s), 1384 (s), 1335 (s), 1307 (s), 1259 (s), 1155 (s), 1113 (s), 877 (s), 736 (s) cm^“1; Anal. Calcd. for C₃₃H41CIN2O5S: C, 64.64; H, 6.74; N, 4.57; CI, 5.78; S, 5.23. Found: C, 64.71; H, 6.81; N, 4.65; CI, 5.81; S, 5.11; HRMS (ESI) m/z 613.2493 [M + H]⁺ (C₃₃H41CIN2O5S requires 613.2503).

The mother liquor was concentrated under reduced pressure and further purification of the residue by flash column chromatography (200 g S1O2, 10% and 10% to 45% and 45% EtO A/Hex w/ 0.3% AcOH, gradient elution) provided additional pure product (3.1 g, 5.1 mmol, 2.6%) as an off-white solid.

EXAMPLE 5. (1S,3’R,6’R,7’S,8’Z,1 l’S,12’R)-6-CHLORO-7′-METHOXY-11 ‘, 12 ‘-DIMETHYL-3 ,4-DIHYDRO-2H, 15 Ή-SPIRO [NAPHTHALENE- 1 ,22’-[20]OXA[13]THIA[1,14]DIAZATETRACYCLO[14.7.2.0³‘⁶.0¹⁹‘²⁴]PENTACOS A[8, 16, 18,24]TETRAEN]- 15′-ONE 13 ‘, 13’-DIOXIDE

To a solution of (1S,3’R,6’R,7’S,8’Z,1 l’S,12’R)-6-chloro-7′-hydroxy-i r,12′-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2h,15’h-spiro[naphthalene-l,22′-[20]oxa[13]thia[l,14]diazatetracyclo[14.7.2.0³‘⁶.0¹⁹‘²⁴]pentacosa[8,16,18,24]tetra en]-15′-one 13 ‘,13 ‘-dioxide (Example 3; 34 mg; 0.057 mmol) in THF cooled to 0°C was added sodium hydride (60% dispersion in mineral oil; 22.70 mg, 0.567 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 20 min, and then Mel (0.018 mL, 0.284 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 1 h, then quenched with aqueous NH4CI, and diluted with

EtOAc. The organic layer was dried over MgS0₄ and concentrated. Purification of the crude material via column chromatography eluting with 10-40 % EtOAc (containing 0.3% AcOH)/heptanes provided (lS,3’R,6’R,7’S,8’Z,l l’S,12’R)-6-chloro-7′-methoxy-l l’,12′-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-2h,15’h-spiro[naphthalene-l,22′-[20]oxa[13]thia[l,14]diazatetracyclo[14.7.2.0³‘⁶.0¹⁹‘²⁴]pentacosa[8,16,18,24]tetra en]-15′-one 13 ‘,13 ‘-dioxide (34 mg, 0.054 mmol, 95% yield). ¾ NMR (400MHz, CD₂C1₂) δ 8.29 (s, 1H), 7.71 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.17 (dd, J=2.2, 8.5 Hz, 1H), 7.09 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.01 (dd, J=1.6, 7.8 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 6.88 (s, 1H), 5.90 – 5.80 (m, 1H), 5.54 (t, J=10.2 Hz, 1H), 4.14 – 4.04 (m, 3H), 3.87 – 3.79 (m, 2H), 3.73 (d, J=14.7 Hz, 1H), 3.32 (d, J=14.5 Hz, 1H), 3.23 (s, 3H), 3.28 -3.19 (m, 1H), 2.82 – 2.73 (m, 2H), 2.62 (t, J=10.6 Hz, 1H), 2.55 – 2.44 (m, 1H), 2.29 – 2.21 (m, 1H), 2.10 – 1.97 (m, 4H), 1.97 – 1.80 (m, 4H), 1.75 (dd, J=8.9, 18.7 Hz, 1H), 1.48 (d, J=7.4 Hz, 3H), 1.43 (br. s., 1H), 1.08 (d, J=6.5 Hz, 3H). MS (ESI, +ve ion) m/z 613.3 (M+H)⁺.

//////////////AMG 176, PHASE 1,  Amgen, Mcl-1 inhibitor,  tumors

Last talk in AM #MEDI 1st time disclosures is from Sean Brown of @Amgen on an Mcl-1 inhibitor to treat tumors #ACSSanFran

Clc5cc6CCC[C@@]4(CN2C[C@H]1CC[C@H]1[C@H](OC)C=CC[C@@H](C)[C@H](C)S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)c3cc2c(cc3)OC4)c6cc5

PF-06648671, PF 06648671,  PF-6648671

Phase I Alzheimer’s disease

Originator Pfizer

• 01 Nov 2016 Pfizer completes a phase I pharmacokinetics trial in Healthy volunteers in USA (PO) (NCT02883114)
• 01 Oct 2016 Pfizer completes a phase I trial in Healthy volunteers in Belgium (NCT02440100)
• 01 Sep 2016 Pfizer initiates a phase I pharmacokinetics trial in Healthy volunteers in USA (PO) (NCT02883114)

SYNTHESIS 

FIRST KEY INTERMEDIATE

CONTD………….

SECOND KEY INTERMEDIATE

contd……………..

Dementia results from a wide variety of distinctive pathological processes. The most common pathological processes causing dementia are Alzheimer’s disease (AD), cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CM) and prion-mediated diseases (see, e.g., Haan et al., Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg. 1990, 92(4):305-310; Glenner et al., J. Neurol. Sci. 1989, 94:1 -28). AD affects nearly half of all people past the age of 85, the most rapidly growing portion of the United States population. As such, the number of AD patients in the United States is expected to increase from about 4 million to about 14 million by 2050.

The present invention relates to a group of γ-secretase modulators, useful for the treatment of neurodegenerative and/or neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease and Down’s Syndrome, (see Ann. Rep. Med. Chem. 2007, Olsen et al., 42: 27-47).

PATENT

WO 2014045156

Preparations

Preparation P1 : 5-(4-Methyl-1 H-imidazol-1 -yl)-6-oxo-1 ,6-dihvdropyridine-2-carboxylic

Step 1 . Synthesis of methyl 6-methoxy-5-(4-methyl-1 /-/-imidazol-1 -yl)pyridine-2- carboxylate (C2).

To a solution of the known 6-bromo-2-methoxy-3-(4-methyl-1 /-/-imidazol-1 – yl)pyridine (C1 , T. Kimura et al., U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ. 2009, US 20090062529 A1 ) (44.2 g, 165 mmol) in methanol (165 ml_) was added triethylamine (46 ml_, 330 mmol) and [1 ,1 ‘-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(ll), dichloromethane complex (6.7 g, 8.2 mmol). The mixture was degassed several times with nitrogen. The reaction was heated to 70 °C under CO atmosphere (3 bar) in a Parr apparatus. After 30 minutes, the pressure dropped to 0.5 bar; additional CO was added until the pressure stayed constant for a period of 30 minutes. The mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature and filtered through a pad of Celite. The Celite pad was washed twice with methanol and the combined filtrates were concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue (88 g) was dissolved in ethyl acetate (1 L) and water (700 mL); the organic layer was washed with water (200 mL), and the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (500 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated to provide the title compound. Yield: 42.6 g, quantitative.

Step 2. Synthesis of 5-(4-methyl-1 H-imidazol-1 -yl)-6-oxo-1 ,6-dihydropyridine-2- carboxylic acid, hydrobromide salt (P1 ).

A solution of C2 (3.82 g, 15.9 mmol) in acetic acid (30 mL) and aqueous hydrobromic acid (48%, 30 mL) was heated at reflux for 4 hours. The reaction was allowed to cool to room temperature, and then chilled in an ice bath; the resulting precipitate was collected via filtration and washed with ice water (30 mL).

Recrystallization from ethanol (20 mL) provided the title compound as a light yellow solid. Yield: 3.79 g, 12.6 mmol, 79%. LCMS m/z 220.1 (M+1 ). ¹H N MR (400 MHz, DMSO-c/₆) δ 12.6 (v br s, 1 H), 9.58-9.60 (m, 1 H), 8.07 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1 H), 7.88-7.91 (m, 1 H), 7.09 (d, J=7.4 Hz, 1 H), 2.34 (br s, 3H). Preparation P2: 5-(4-Methyl-1 H-imidazol-1 -yl)-6-oxo-1 ,6-dihvdropyridine-2-carboxylic acid, hydrochloride salt (P2)

A mixture of C2 (12.8 g, 51 .8 mmol) and 37% hydrochloric acid (25 mL) was heated at reflux for 18 hours. After the reaction mixture had cooled to room

temperature, the solid was collected via filtration; it was stirred with 1 ,4-dioxane (2 x 20 mL) and filtered again, to afford the product as a yellow solid. Yield: 13 g, 51 mmol, 98%. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 9.52 (br s, 1 H), 8.07 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.78 (br s, 1 H), 7.21 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 1 H), 2.44 (s, 3H). Preparation P3: 7-(4-Methyl-1 H-imidazol-1 -yl)-3,4-dihvdropyridor2,1 -ciri ,41oxazine-1 ,6- dione (P3)

Compound P2 (65 g, 250 mmol), 1 ,2-dibromoethane (52.5 g, 280 mmol) and cesium carbonate (124 g, 381 mmol) were combined in A/,/V-dimethylformamide (850 mL) and heated at 90 °C for 6 hours. The reaction mixture was then cooled and filtered through Celite. After concentration of the filtrate in vacuo, the residue was dissolved in dichloromethane (500 mL), washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (100 mL), washed with water (50 mL), dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting solid was washed with acetonitrile to provide the product. Yield: 46.5 g, 190 mmol, 76%. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI₃) δ 8.33 (d, J=1 .4 Hz, 1 H), 7.43 (AB quartet, J_AB=7.7 Hz, Δν_ΑΒ=33.4 Hz, 2H), 7.15-7.17 (m, 1 H), 4.66-4.70 (m, 2H), 4.38-4.42 (m, 2H), 2.30 (d, J=0.8 Hz, 3H).

//////////PF-06648671, PF 06648671,  PF-6648671, PHASE 1

FC(F)(F)c5cc(Cl)c(F)cc5[C@H]1CCC[C@H](O1)[C@H](C)N4CCN3C(=CC=C(n2cc(C)nc2)C3=O)C4=O

First speaker of the PM session is Martin Pettersson from @pfizer talking about a gamma secretase modulator for Alzheimer’s #ACSSanFran

AZD 9567

CAS 1893415-00-3

1893415-64-9  as MONOHYDRATE

2,2-Difluoro-N-[(1R,2S)-3-methyl-1-[[1-(1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-1H-indazol-5-yl]oxy]-1-phenylbutan-2-yl]propanamide

Propanamide, N-[(1S)-1-[(R)-[[1-(1,6-dihydro-1-methyl-6-oxo-3-pyridinyl)-1H-indazol-5-yl]oxy]phenylmethyl]-2-methylpropyl]-2,2-difluoro-

2,2-difluoro-N-[(1R,2S)-3-methyl-1-[1-(1-methyl-6-oxopyridin-3-yl)indazol-5-yl]oxy-1-phenylbutan-2-yl]propanamide

2,2-difluoro- V-[(lR,25)-3-methyl-l-{[l-(l-methyl-6-oxo-l,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-lH-indazol-5-yl]oxy}-l-phenylbutan-2-yl]propanamide

MF C27 H28 F2 N4 O3, MF 494.533

AstraZeneca INNOVATOR

AZD-9567, a glucocorticoid receptor modulator, is in early clinical development at AstraZeneca in healthy male volunteers.

Phase I Rheumatoid arthritis

• Originator AstraZeneca
• Class Antirheumatics
• Mechanism of Action Glucocorticoid receptor modulators
• • 01 Sep 2016 AstraZeneca completes a phase I trial (In volunteers) in Germany (NCT02512575)
  • 24 May 2016 Phase-I clinical trials in Rheumatoid arthritis (In volunteers) in United Kingdom (PO) (NCT02760316)
  • 24 May 2016 AstraZeneca initiates a phase I trial in Rheumatoid arthritis (In volunteers) in Germany (PO) (NCT02760316)
   

Macclesfield AstraZeneca site in Cheshire

Glucocorticoids (GCs) have been used for decades to treat acute and chronic inflammatory and immune conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (“COPD”), osteoarthritis, rheumatic fever, allergic rhinitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Crohn’s disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and ulcerative colitis. Examples of GCs include dexamethasone, prednisone, and

prednisolone. Unfortunately, GCs are often associated with severe and sometimes irreversible side effects, such as osteoporosis, hyperglycemia, effects on glucose metabolism (diabetes mellitus). skin thinning, hypertension, glaucoma, muscle atrophy. Cushing’s syndrome, fluid homeostasis, and psychosis (depression ). These side effects can particularly limit the use of GCs in a chronic setting. Thus, a need continues to exist for alternative therapies that possess the beneficial effects of GCs, but with a reduced likel ihood of side effects.

GCs form a complex with the GC receptor ( GR ) to regulate gene transcription. The GC-GR complex translocates to the cell nucleus, and then binds to GC response elements (GREs) in the promoter regions of various genes. The resulting GC-GR- GRE complex, in turn, activates or inhibits transcription of proximally located genes. The GC-GR complex also (or alternatively) may negatively regulate gene transcription by a process that does not involve DNA binding. In this process, termed transrepression, the GC-GR complex enters the nucleus and directly interacts (via protein-protein interaction) with other transcription factors, repressing their ability to induce gene transcription and thus protein expression.

Some of the side effects of GCs are believed to be the result of cross-reactivity with other steroid receptors (e.g., progesterone, androgen, mineralocorticoid, and estrogen receptors), which have somewhat homologous ligand binding domains; and/or the inability to selectively modulate gene expression and downstream signaling. Consequently, it is believed that an efficacious selective GR modulator (SGRM), which binds to GR with greater affinity relative to other steroid hormone receptors, would provide an alternative therapy to address the unmet need for a therapy that possesses the beneficial, effects of GCs, while, at the same time, having fewer side effects.

A range of compounds have been reported to have SGRM activity. See, e.g., WO2007/0467747, WO2007/114763, WO2008/006627, WO2008/055709, WO2008/055710, WO2008/052808, WO2008/063116, WO2008/076048,

WO2008/079073, WO2008/098798, WO2009/065503, WO2009/142569,

WO2009/142571, WO2010/009814, WO2013/001294, and EP2072509. Still, there continues to be a need for new SGRMs that exhibit, for example, an improved potency, efficacy, effectiveness in steroid-insensitive patients, selectivity, solubility allowing for oral administration, pharmacokinetic profile allowing for a desirable dosing regimen, stability on the shelf {e.g., hydro lytic, thermal, chemical, or photochemical stability), crystallinity, tolerability for a range of patients, side effect profile and/or safety profile.

PATENT

WO 2016046260

Scheme 1 below illustrates a general protocol for making compounds described in this specification, using either an Ullman route or an aziridine route.

Scheme 1

In Scheme 1, Ar is

[182] The amino alcohol reagent used in Scheme 1 may be made using the below Scheme 2.

Scheme 2

The Grignard reagent (ArMgBr) used in Scheme 2 can be obtained commercially, or, if not, can generally be prepared from the corresponding aryl bromide and Mg and/or iPrMgCl using published methods.

[183] The iodo and hydroxy pyridone indazole reagents used in Scheme 1 may be made using the below Scheme 3A or 3B, respectively.

Scheme 3A

[184] Scheme 4 below provides an alternative protocol for making compounds described in this specification.

Scheme 4

Example 1. Preparation of 2,2-difluoro- V-[(lR,2S)-3-methyl-l-{[l-(l-methyl-6-oxo-l,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-lH-indazol-5-yl]oxy}-l-phenylbutan-2-yl]propanamide.

[199] Step A. Preparation of 5-[5-[(te^butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]-lH-indazol-l-yl]-l-methyl-l,2-dihydropyridin-2-one.

Into a 2 L 4-necked, round-bottom flask, purged and maintained with an inert atmosphere of N₂, was placed a solution of 5-[(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]-lH-indazole (805 g, 3.2 mol) in toluene (8 L), 5 -iodo-1 -methyl- 1 ,2-dihydropyridin-2-one (800 g, 3.4 mol) and

K3PO4 (1.2 kg, 5.8 mol). Cyclohexane-l,2-diamine (63 g, 0.5 mol) was added followed by the addition of Cul (1.3 g, 6.8 mmol) in several batches. The resulting solution was stirred overnight at 102°C. The resulting mixture was concentrated under vacuum to yield 3.0 kg of the title compound as a crude black solid. LC/MS: m/z 356 [M+H]⁺.

[200] Step B. Preparation of 5-(5-hydroxy-lH-indazol-l-yl)-l-methylpyridin-2(lH)-one.

Into a 2 L 4-necked, round-bottom flask was placed 5-[5-[(fert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]-lH-indazol-l-yl]-l-methyl-l,2-dihydropyridin-2-one (3.0 kg, crude) and a solution of HCl (2 L, 24 mol, 36%) in water (2 L) and MeOH (5 L). The resulting solution was stirred for 1 hr at 40°C and then evaporated to dryness. The resulting solid was washed with water (4 x 5 L) and ethyl acetate (2 x 0.5 L) to afford 480 g (61%, two steps) of the title product as a brown solid. LC/MS: m/z 242 [M+H]⁺. ¹HNMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 3.52 (3H, s),6.61 (lH,m),7.06 (2H,m),7.54 (lH,m), 7.77 (lH,m), 8.19 (2H, m) 9.35 (lH,s).

[201] Ste C. Preparation of tert-butyl((lR,25)-l-hydroxy-3-methyl-l-phenylbutan-2-yl)carbamate.

(S)-tert-butyl 3 -methyl- l-oxo-l-phenylbutan-2-ylcarbamate (1.0 kg, 3.5 mol) was dissolved in toluene (4 L). Afterward, 2-propanol (2 L) was added, followed by triisopropoxyaluminum (0.145 L, 0.73 mol). The reaction mixture was heated at 54-58°C for 1 hr under reduced pressure (300-350 mbar) to start azeothropic distillation. After the collection of 0.75 L condensate, 2-propanol (2 L) was added, and the reaction mixture was stirred overnight at reduced pressure to afford 4 L condensate in total. Toluene (3 L) was added at 20°C, followed by 2M HC1 (2 L) over 15 min to keep the temperature below 28°C. The layers were separated (pH of aqueous phase 0-1) and the organic layer was washed successively with water (3 L), 4% NaHCCte (2 L) and water (250 mL). The volume of the organic layer was reduced from 6 L at 50°C and 70 mbar to 2.5 L. The resulting mixture was heated to 50°C and heptane (6.5 L) was added at 47-53°C to maintain the material in solution. The temperature of the mixture was slowly decreased to 20°C, seeded with the crystals of the title compound at 37°C (seed crystals were prepared in an earlier batch made by the same method and then evaporating the reaction mixture to dryness, slurring the residue in heptane, and isolating the crystals by filtration), and allowed to stand overnight. The product was filtered off, washed with heptane (2 x 1 L) and dried under vacuum to afford 806 g (81%) of the title compound as a white solid. ¹HNMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 0.81 (dd, 6H), 1.16 (s, 8H), 2.19 (m, 1H), 3.51 (m, 1H), 4.32 (d, 1H), 5.26 (s, 1H), 6.30 (d, 1H), 7.13 – 7.2 (m, 1H), 7.24 (t, 2H), 7.3 – 7.36 (m, 3H).

[202] Step D. Preparation of (lR,2S)-2-amino-3-methyl-l-phenylbutan-l-ol hydrochloride salt.

To a solution of HC1 in propan-2-ol (5-6 N, 3.1 L, 16 mol) at 20°C was added tert-butyl((li?,25)-l-hydroxy-3-methyl-l-phenylbutan-2-yl)carbamate (605 g, 2.2 mol) in portions over 70 min followed by the addition of MTBE (2 L) over 30 min. The reaction mixture was cooled to 5°C and stirred for 18 hr. The product was isolated by filtration and dried to afford 286 g of the title compound as an HC1 salt (61% yield). The mother liquor was concentrated to 300 mL. MTBE (300 mL) was then added, and the resulting precipitation was isolated by filtration to afford additional 84 g of the title compound as a HC1 salt (18% yield). Total 370 g (79%). ¹HNMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 0.91 (dd, 6H), 1.61 – 1.81 (m, 1H), 3.11 (s, 1H), 4.99 (s, 1H), 6.08 (d, 1H), 7.30 (t, 1H), 7.40 (dt, 4H), 7.97 (s, 2H).

[203] Step E. Preparation of (2S,35)-2-isopropyl-l-(4-nitrophenylsulfonyl)-3-phenylaziridine.

(li?,25)-2-Amino-3-methyl-l-phenylbutan-l-ol hydrochloride (430 g, 2.0 mol) was mixed with DCM (5 L) at 20°C. 4-Nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride (460 g, 2.0 mol) was then added over 5 min. Afterward, the mixture was cooled to -27°C. Triethylamine (1.0 kg, 10 mol) was slowly added while maintaining the temperature at -18°C. The reaction mixture was cooled to -30°C, and methanesulfonyl chloride (460 g, 4.0 mol) was added slowly while maintaining the temperature at -25 °C. The reaction mixture was then stirred at 0°C for 16 hr before adding triethylamine (40 mL, 0.3 mol; 20 mL ,0.14 mol and 10 mL, 0.074 mol) w at 0°C in portions over 4 hr. Water (5 L) was subsequently added at 20°C, and the resulting layers were separated. The organic layer was washed with water (5 L) and the volume reduced to 1 L under vacuum. MTBE (1.5 L) was added, and the mixture was stirred on a rotavap at 20°C over night and filtered to afford 500 g (70%) of the title product as a solid. ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCls): δ 1.12 (d, 3H), 1.25 (d, 3H), 2.23 (ddt, 1H), 2.89 (dd, 1H), 3.84 (d, 1H), 7.08 – 7.2 (m, 1H), 7.22 – 7.35 (m, 4H), 8.01 – 8.13 (m, 2H), 8.22 – 8.35 (m, 2H)

[204] Step F. Preparation of V-((lR,2S)-3-methyl-l-(l-(l-methyl-6-oxo-l,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-lH-indazol-5-yloxy)-l-phenylbutan-2-yl)-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide.

[205] (25′,35)-2-Isopropyl-l-(4-nitrophenylsulfonyl)-3-phenylaziridine (490 g, 1.3 mol) was mixed with 5-(5-hydroxy-lH-indazol-l-yl)-l-methylpyridin-2(lH)-one (360 g, 1.4 mol) in acetonitrile (5 L) at 20°C. Cesium carbonate (850 g, 2.6 mol) was added in portions over 5 min. The reaction mixture was then stirred at 50°C overnight. Water (5 L) was added at 20°C, and the resulting mixture was extracted with 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (5L and 2.5 L). The combined organic layer was washed successively with 0.5 M HC1 (5 L), water (3 x 5L) and brine (5L). The remaining organic layer was concentrated to a thick oil, and then MTBE (2 L) was added. The resulting precipitate was filtered to afford 780 g (purity 71% w/w) of the crude title product as a yellow solid, which was used in the next step without further purification. ¹HNMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ 0.93 (dd, 6H), 2.01 -2.19 (m, 1H), 3.50 (s, 3H), 3.74 (s, 1H), 5.00 (d, 1H), 6.54 (d, 1H), 6.78 (d, 1H), 6.95 -7.15 (m, 4H), 7.23 (d, 2H), 7.49 (d, 1H), 7.69 (dd, 1H), 7.74 (d, 2H), 8.00 (s, 1H), 8.08 (d, 2H), 8.13 (d, 2H).

[206] Step G. Preparation of 2,2-difluoro- V-[(lR,25)-3-methyl-l-{[l-(l-methyl-6-oxo-l,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)-lH-indazol-5-yl]oxy}-l-phenylbutan-2-yl]propanamide.

[207] N-((lR,2S)-3-Methyl- 1 -(1 -(1 -methyl-6-oxo- 1 ,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)- \H-indazol-5-yloxy)-l-phenylbutan-2-yl)-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide (780 g, 71%w/w) was mixed with DMF (4 L). DBU (860 g, 5.6 mol) was then added at 20°C over 10 min. 2-Mercaptoacetic acid (170 g, 1.9 mol) was added slowly over 30 min, keeping the temperature at 20°C. After 1 hr, ethyl 2,2-difluoropropanoate (635 g, 4.60 mol) was added over 10 min at 20°C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 18 hr. Subsequently, additional ethyl 2,2-difluoropropanoate (254 g, 1.8 mol) was added, and the reaction mixture was stirred for an additional 4 hr at 20°C. Water (5 L) was then slowly added over 40 min, maintaining the temperature at 20°C. The water layer was extracted with isopropyl acetate (4 L and 2 x 2 L). The combined organic layer was washed with 0.5M HC1 (4 L) and brine (2 L). The organic layer was then combined with the organic layer from a parallel reaction starting from 96 g of N-((li?,25)-3-methyl-l-((l-(l-methyl-6-oxo-l,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)- lH-indazol-5-yl)oxy)- 1 -phenylbutan-2-yl)-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide, and concentrated to approximate 1.5 L. The resulting brown solution was filtered. The filter was washed twice with isopropyl acetate (2 x 0.5 L). The filtrate was evaporated until a solid formed. The solid was then co evaporated with 99.5% ethanol (1 L), affording 493 g (77%, two steps) of an amorphous solid.

[208] The solid (464 g, 0.94 mol) was dissolved in ethanol/water 2: 1 (3.7 L) at 50°C. The reaction mixture was then seeded with crystals () of the title compound (0.5 g) at 47°C, and a slight opaque mixture was formed. The mixture was held at that temperature for 1 hr. Afterward, the temperature was decreased to 20°C over 7 hr, and kept at 20°C for 40 hr. The solid was filtrated off, washed with cold (5°C) ethanol/water 1 :2 (0.8 L), and dried in vacuum at 37°C overnight to afford 356 g (0.70 mol, 74%, 99.9 % ee) of the title compound as a monohydrate. LC/MS: m/z 495 [M+H]⁺. ‘HNMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 0.91 (dd, 6H), 1.38 (t, 3H), 2.42 (m, 1H), 3.50 (s, 3H), 4.21 (m, 1H), 5.29 (d, 1H), 6.53 (d, 1H), 7.09 (d, 1H), 7.13 (dd, 1H), 7.22 (t, 1H), 7.29 (t, 2H), 7.47 (d, 2H), 7.56 (d, 1H), 7.70 (dd, 1H), 8.13 (d, 1H), 8.16 (d, 1H), 8.27 (d, 1H).

[209] The seed crystals may be prepared from amorphous compound prepared according to Example 2 using 2,2-difluoropropanoic acid, followed by purification on HPLC. The compound (401 mg) was weighed into a glass vial. Ethanol (0.4 mL) was added, and the vial was shaken and heated to 40°C to afford a clear, slightly yellow solution. Ethanol/Water (0.4 mL, 50/50% vol/vol) was added. Crystallization started to

occur within 5 min, and, after 10 min, a white thick suspension formed. The crystals were collected by filtration

/////////////AZD 9567, AstraZeneca, lucocorticoid receptor modulator, Rheumatoid arthritis, phase 1, Lena Elisabeth RIPA, Karolina Lawitz, Matti Juhani Lepistö, Martin Hemmerling, Karl Edman, Antonio Llinas

3rd speaker this afternoon in 1st time disclosures is Lena Ripa of @AstraZeneca on a glucocorticoid receptor modulator #ACSSanFran

CC(F)(F)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)[C@H](Oc1cc2cnn(c2cc1)C=3C=CC(=O)N(C)C=3)c4ccccc4

GSK 3008348

(3S)-3-[3-(3,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)phenyl]-4-{(3S)-3-[2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,8-naphthyridin-2-yl)ethyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl}butanoic acid

cas 1629249-33-7

1-Pyrrolidinebutanoic acid, β-[3-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)phenyl]-3-[2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,8-naphthyridin-2-yl)ethyl]-, (βS,3R)-

(S)-3-(3-(3,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)phenyl)-4-((R)-3-(2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,8- naphthyridin-2-yl)ethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butanoic acid

• (βS,3R)-β-[3-(3,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)phenyl]-3-[2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,8-naphthyridin-2-yl)ethyl]-1-pyrrolidinebutanoic acid

• Molecular Formula C₂₉H₃₇N₅O₂
• Average mass 487.636 Da

• Originator GlaxoSmithKline

• Mechanism of Action Integrin alphaV antagonists
• Phase I Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
• 06 Mar 2017 GlaxoSmithKline plans a phase I trial for Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (NCT03069989)
• 01 Jun 2016 GlaxoSmithKline completes a first-in-human phase I trial for Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in United Kingdom (Inhalation) (NCT02612051)
• 01 Dec 2015 Phase-I clinical trials in Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in United Kingdom (Inhalation) (NCT02612051)

Inventors Niall Andrew ANDERSON, Brendan John FALLON, John Martin Pritchard

Applicant Glaxosmithkline Intellectual Property Development Limited

Niall Anderson

GSK-3008348, an integrin alpha(v)beta6 antagonist, is being developed at GlaxoSmithKline in early clinical studies for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic disease characterised by a progressive decline in lung function, due to excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (collagen) within the pulmonary interstitium. It affects approximately 500,000 people in the USA and Europe and is poorly treated. IPF inexorably leads to respiratory failure due to obliteration of functional alveolar units. Patients’ mean life-expectancy is less than 3 years following diagnosis.

IPF therefore represents a major unmet medical need for which novel therapeutic approaches are urgently required.1 Pirfenidone (EsbrietTM from Roche), a non-selective kinase inhibitor, is approved for mild and moderate IPF patients in Japan, Europe, Canada and China and for all IPF patients in USA . Furthermore, nintedanib (OfevTM formerly BIBF-1120 from Boehringer-Ingelheim), a multiple tyrosine-kinase inhibitor targeting vascular endothelial factor receptor, fibroblast growth factor and platelet derived growth factor receptor is approved for all patients with IPF in USA and Europe.  Both compounds are administered orally twice or three times per day at high total doses (pirfenidone at 2.4 g/day and nintedanib at 300 mg/day).

Patient compliance is limited by tolerability due to gastro-intenstinal and phototoxicity issues, which require dose titration. (S)-3-(3-(3,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)phenyl)-4-((R)-3-(2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,8- naphthyridin-2-yl)ethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butanoic acid hydrochloride  is a first in class compound (descovered by GlaxoSmithKline) undergoing currently Phase I clinical trials for the treatment of IPF.  It is a non-peptidic αvβ6 integrin inhibitor and in cell adhesion assays has high affinity for the human receptor with a pIC50 of 8.4, and lower affinity for other integrins, such as αvβ3 6.0, αvβ5 5.9 and αvβ8 7.7. Inhibition of integrin αvβ6 is thought to prevent pulmonary fibrosis without exacerbating inflammation.

Integrin superfamily proteins are heterodimeric cell surface receptors, composed of an alpha and beta subunit. 18 alpha and 8 beta subunits have been reported, which have been demonstrated to form 24 distinct alpha/beta heterodimers. Each chain comprises a large extracellular domain (>640 amino acids for the beta subunit, >940 amino acids for the alpha subunit), with a transmembrane spanning region of around 20 amino acids per chain, and generally a short cytoplasmic tail of 30-50 amino acids per chain. Different integrins have been shown to participate in a plethora of cellular biologies, including cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix, cell-cell interactions, and effects on cell migration, proliferation, differentiation and survival (Barczyk et al, Cell and Tissue Research, 2010, 339, 269).

Integrin receptors interact with binding proteins via short protein-protein binding interfaces with ligands and the integrin family can be grouped into sub-families that share similar binding recognition motifs in such ligands. A major subfamily is the RGD-integrins, which recognise ligands that contain an RGD (Arginine-glycine-aspartic acid) motif within their protein sequence. There are 8 integrins in this sub-family, namely α_νβι, α_νβ₃, _νβ_{5ι ν}β_6ι α_νβδ, αι¾β₃, α₅βι, α₈βι, where nomenclature demonstrates that α_νβι, α_νβ₃, _νβ_{5ι ν}β_6ι & α_νβδ share a common V subunit with a divergent β subunit, and α_νβι, α₅βι & α₈βι share a common β_!subunit with a divergent a subunit. The βι subunit has been shown to pair with 11 different a subunits, of which only the 3 listed above commonly recognise the RGD peptide motif. (Humphries et al, Journal of Cell Science, 2006, 119, 3901).

Within the 8 RGD-binding integrins are different binding affinities and specificities for different RGD-containing ligands. Ligands include proteins such as fibronectin, vitronectin, osteopontin, and the latency associated peptides (LAPs) of Transforming growth factor βι and β3 (ΤΰΡβι and ΤΰΡβ₃). The binding to the LAPs of ΤΰΡβι and ΤΰΡβ₃ has been shown in several systems to enable activation of the ΤΰΡβι and ΤΰΡβ₃ biological activities, and subsequent ΤΰΡβ- driven biologies (Worthington et al, Trends in Biochemical Sciences, 2011, 36, 47). The specific binding of RGD integrins to such ligands depends on a number of factors, depending on the cell phenotype. The diversity of such ligands, coupled with expression patterns of RGD-binding integrins, generates multiple opportunities for disease intervention. Such diseases include fibrotic diseases (Margadant et al, EMBO reports, 2010, 11, 97), inflammatory disorders, cancer (Desgrosellier et al, Nature Reviews Cancer, 2010, 10, 9), restenosis, and other diseases with an angiogenic component (Weis et al, Cold Spring. Harb. Perspect Med.2011, 1, a006478).

A significant number of a_v integrin antagonists (Goodman et al, Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 2012, 33, 405) have been disclosed in the literature including antagonist antibodies, small peptides and compounds. For antibodies these include the pan-a_v antagonist Intetumumab, the selective α_νβ3 antagonist Etaracizumab, and the selective a ₆ antagonist STX-100. Cilengitide is a cyclic peptide antagonist that inhibits both α_νβ3 and α_νβ₅, and SB-267268 is an example of a compound (Wilkinson-Berka et al, Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci, 2006, 47, 1600), which inhibits both α_νβ3 and α_νβ₅. Invention of compounds to act as antagonists of differing combinations of a_v integrins enables novel agents to be generated and tailored for specific disease indications.

Pulmonary fibrosis represents the end stage of several interstitial lung diseases, including the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias, and is characterised by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix within the pulmonary interstitium. Among the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) represents the commonest and most fatal condition with a median survival of 3 to 5 years following diagnosis. Fibrosis in IPF is generally progressive, refractory to current pharmacological intervention and inexorably leads to respiratory failure due to obliteration of functional alveolar units. IPF affects approximately 500,000 people in the USA and Europe. This condition therefore represents a major unmet medical need for which novel therapeutic approaches are urgently required (Datta A et al, Novel therapeutic approaches for pulmonary fibrosis, British Journal of ^‘Pharmacology’2011163: 141-172).

There are strong in vitro, experimental animal and IPF patient immunohistochemistry data to support a key role for the epithelial-restricted integrin, α _6ι in the activation of TGF-βΙ. Expression of this integrin is low in normal epithelial tissues and is significantly up-regulated in injured and inflamed epithelia including the activated epithelium in IPF. Targeting this integrin therefore reduces the theoretical possibility of interfering with wider TGF-β homeostatic roles. Partial inhibition of the a ₆ integrin by antibody blockade has been shown to prevent pulmonary fibrosis without exacerbating inflammation (Horan GS etal Partial inhibition of integrin a ₆ prevents pulmonary fibrosis without exacerbating inflammation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med2008177: 56-65)

The α_νβ3 integrin is expressed on a number of cell types including vascular endothelium where it has been characterised as a regulator of barrier resistance. Data in animal models of acute lung injury and sepsis have demonstrated a significant role for this integrin in vascular leak since knockout mice show markedly enhanced vessel leak leading to pulmonary oedema or death. Furthermore antibodies capable of inhibiting α_νβ3 function caused dramatic increases in monolayer permeability in human pulmonary artery and umbilical vein endothelial cells in response to multiple growth factors. These data suggest a protective role for α_νβ3 in the maintenance of vascular endothelial integrity following vessel stimulation and that inhibition of this function could drive pathogenic responses in a chronic disease setting (Su et al Absence of integrin α_νβ3 enhances vascular leak in mice by inhibiting endothelial cortical actin formation Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2012 185: 58-66). Thus, selectivity for cl over α ₃ may provide a safety advantage.

It is an object of the invention to provide α_νβ₆ antagonists.

PATENT

WO 2014154725

Scheme 1

Reagents and conditions: (a) iodine, imidazole, triphenylphosphine, DCM, 0°C; (b) 2- methyl-[l,8]-naphthyridine, LiN(TMS)₂, THF, 0°C; (c) 4M HQ in dioxane.

Scheme 2

Reagents and conditions: (a) isobutylene, cone. H₂S0₄, diethyl ether, 24 h; (b) potassium acetate, acetonitrile, 60 °C, 4 h.

Scheme 3. Reagents and Conditions: (a) LiAIH₄, THF; (b) H₂, 5% Rh/C, EtOH

Intermediate 42

iate 39

Scheme 6. Reagents and Conditions: (a) EDC, HOBT, NMM, DCM; (b) H₂, 5% Rh/C, EtOH; (c) TFA, DCM; (d) BH₃.THF; (e) UAIH4, THF, 60°C

Example 1: 3-f3-f3,5-Dimethyl-l pyrazol-l-vnphenvn-4-ff/?)-3-f2-f5,6,7,8- tetrahvdro-l,8-naphthyridin- -vnethvnpyrrolidin-l-vnbutanoic acid

A solution of te/f-butyl 3-(3-(3,5-dimethyl-l pyrazol-l-yl)phenyl)-4-((>?)-3-(2-(5,6,7,8- tetrahydro-l,8-naphthyridin-2-yl)ethyl)pyrrolidin-l-yl)butanoate (Intermediate 14) (100 mg, 0.184 mmol) in 2-methylTHF (0.5 mL) was treated with cone. HCI (12M, 0.077 mL, 0.92 mmol) and stirred at 40 °C for 2 h. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo and the residual oil was dissolved in ethanol (2 mL) and applied to a SCX-2 ion-exchange cartridge (5 g), eluting with ethanol (2 CV) and then 2M ammonia in MeOH (2 CV). The ammoniacal fractions were combined and evaporated in vacuo to give the title compound (79 mg, 88%) as an off-white solid: LCMS (System A) RT= 0.86 min, 100%, ES+ve /77/Z488 (M+H)⁺; H NMR δ (CDCI₃; 600 MHz): 7.42 – 7.37 (m, 1H), 7.31 (d, 7=1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.29 (d, 7=0.9 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (d, 7=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (d, 7=7.3 Hz, 1H), 6.31 (d, 7=7.3 Hz, 1H), 5.99 (s, 1H), 3.55 (br. s., 1H), 3.60 – 3.52 (m, 1H), 3.45 (t, 7=5.4 Hz, 2H), 3.27 (t, 7=10.6 Hz, 1H), 3.09 (br. S.,1H), 2.93 – 2.86 (m, 1H), 2.82 (d, 7=10.1 Hz, 1H), 2.86 – 2.75 (m, 2H), 2.72 (t, 7=6.2 Hz, 1H), 2.74 – 2.67 (m, 2H), 2.75 (d, 7=9.0 Hz, 1H), 2.61 – 2.50 (m, 1H), 2.31 (s, 3H), 2.29 (s, 3H), 2.33 – 2.26 (m, 1H), 2.24 – 2.11 (m, 1H), 1.94 – 1.86 (m, 2H), 1.94 – 1.84 (m, 1H), 1.78 – 1.66 (m, 1H), 1.65 – 1.51 (m, 1H).

Example 1 was identified by a method described hereinafter as (^-S-iS-iS^-dimethyl-l pyrazol-l-yl)phenyl)-4-((>?)-3-(2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-l,8-naphthyridin-2-yl)ethyl)pyrrolidin-l- yl)butanoic acid.

PAPER

Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry (2016), 14(25), 5992-6009

http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2016/ob/c6ob00496b#!divAbstract

Synthesis and determination of absolute configuration of a non-peptidic α_vβ₆ integrin antagonist for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Abstract

A diastereoselective synthesis of (S)-3-(3-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)phenyl)-4-((R)-3-(2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,8-naphthyridin-2-yl)ethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butanoic acid (1), a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, which is currently undergoing Phase I clinical trials is reported. The key steps in the synthesis involved alkylation of 2-methylnaphthyridine with (R)-N-Boc-3-(iodomethyl)-pyrrolidine, and an asymmetric Rh-catalysed addition of an arylboronic acid to a 4-(N-pyrrolidinyl)crotonate ester. The overall yield of the seven linear step synthesis was 8% and the product was obtained in >99.5% ee proceeding with 80% de. The absolute configuration of 1 was established by an alternative asymmetric synthesis involving alkylation of an arylacetic acid using Evans oxazolidinone chemistry, acylation using the resulting 2-arylsuccinic acid, and reduction. The absolute configuration of the benzylic asymmetric centre was established as (S).

3-(3-(3,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)phenyl)-4-((R)-3-(2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,8-
naphthyridin-2-yl)ethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)butanoic acid (1a) FREE FORM

off-white solid: LCMS (System A) RT= 0.86 min,100%,

ES+ve m/z 488 (M+H)+;

[]D20 = + 46 (c 1.00 in EtOH);

Analytical HPLC onChiralpak AD column (250 mm  4.6 mm) eluting with 30% EtOH-heptane (containing 0.1%
isopropylamine), flow-rate = 1 mL/min, detecting at 235 nm, RT=12.5 min, 100% (other
diastereoisomer not present RT=9.6 min);

1H NMR δ (CDCl3; 600 MHz) 7.42 – 7.37 (m,1H), 7.31 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.29 (d, J=0.9 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (d, J=7.3Hz, 1H), 6.31 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 1H), 5.99 (s, 1H), 3.55 (br. s., 1H), 3.60 – 3.52 (m, 1H), 3.45 (t,
J=5.4 Hz, 2H), 3.27 (t, J=10.6 Hz, 1H), 3.09 (br. s.,1H), 2.93 – 2.86 (m, 1H), 2.82 (d, J=10.1Hz, 1H), 2.86 – 2.75 (m, 2H), 2.72 (t, J=6.2 Hz, 1H), 2.74 – 2.67 (m, 2H), 2.75 (d, J=9.0 Hz,1H), 2.61 – 2.50 (m, 1H), 2.31 (s, 3H), 2.29 (s, 3H), 2.33 – 2.26 (m, 1H), 2.24 – 2.11 (m, 1H),1.94 – 1.86 (m, 2H), 1.94 – 1.84 (m, 1H), 1.78 – 1.66 (m, 1H), 1.65 – 1.51 (m, 1H);

13CNMR δ (CDCl3, 151 MHz) 177.7, 153.6, 150.6, 149.0, 144.4, 140.3, 139.6, 139.3, 129.4,
126.2, 123.7, 123.2, 117.4, 109.7, 107.0, 63.3, 56.7 , 54.5, 44.1, 40.9, 40.0, 36.9, 35.5, 32.8,
30.3, 25.8, 19.9, 13.5, 12.5;

νmax (neat) 3380, 1670, 1588, 1384, 797, 704 cm–1;

HRMS (ESI)calcd for C29H38N5O2 (M+H)+ 488.3020, found 488.3030.

REFERENCES

///////////////GSK 3008348, phase 1, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, GSK, Niall Andrew ANDERSON, Brendan John FALLON, John Martin Pritchard, Integrin alphaV antagonists

Next talk in #MEDI 1st time disclosures is Simon MacDonald of @GSK on a treatment for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

PF 2562

CAS 1609258-91-4

MF C₁₉ H₁₇ N₅ O

Jennifer Elizabeth Davoren

Principal Scientist at Pfizer

SYNTHESIS

• Dopamine acts upon neurons through two families of dopamine receptors, D1-like receptors (D1Rs) and D2-like receptors (D2Rs). The D1-like receptor family consists of D1 and D5 receptors which are expressed in many regions of the brain. D1 mRNA has been found, for example, in the striatum and nucleus accumbens. See e.g., Missale C, Nash S R, Robinson S W, Jaber M, Caron M G “Dopamine receptors: from structure to function”, Physiological Reviews 78:189-225 (1998). Pharmacological studies have reported that D1 and D5 receptors (D1/D5), namely D1-like receptors, are linked to stimulation of adenylyl cyclase, whereas D2, D3, and D4 receptors, namely D2-like receptors, are linked to inhibition of cAMP production.
• Dopamine D1 receptors are implicated in numerous neuropharmacological and neurobiological functions. For example, D1 receptors are involved in different types of memory function and synaptic plasticity. See e.g., Goldman-Rakic P S et al., “Targeting the dopamine D1 receptor in schizophrenia: insights for cognitive dysfunction”, Psychopharmacology 174(1):3-16 (2004). Moreover, D1 receptors have been implicated in a variety of psychiatric, neurological, neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, mood, motivational, metabolic, cardiovascular, renal, ophthalmic, endocrine, and/or other disorders described herein including schizophrenia (e.g., cognitive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia), cognitive impairment associated with D2 antagonist therapy, ADHD, impulsivity, autism spectrum disorder, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), age-related cognitive decline, Alzheimer’s dementia, Parkinson’s disease (PD), Huntington’s chorea, depression, anxiety, treatment-resistant depression (TRD), bipolar disorder, chronic apathy, anhedonia, chronic fatigue, post-traumatic stress disorder, seasonal affective disorder, social anxiety disorder, post-partum depression, serotonin syndrome, substance abuse and drug dependence, Tourette’s syndrome, tardive dyskinesia, drowsiness, sexual dysfunction, migraine, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), hyperglycemia, dislipidemia, obesity, diabetes, sepsis, post-ischemic tubular necrosis, renal failure, resistant edema, narcolepsy, hypertension, congestive heart failure, postoperative ocular hypotonia, sleep disorders, pain, and other disorders in a mammal. See e.g., Goulet M, Madras B K “D(1) dopamine receptor agonists are more effective in alleviating advanced than mild parkinsonism in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-treated monkeys”, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy 292(2):714-24 (2000); Surmeier D J et al., “The role of dopamine in modulating the structure and function of striatal circuits”, Prog. Brain Res. 183:149-67 (2010).
  New or improved agents that modulate (such as agonize or partially agonize) D1 are needed for developing new and more effective pharmaceuticals to treat diseases or conditions associated with dysregulated activation of D1, such as those described herein.

PATENT

US 20140128374

Example 6

4-[4-(4,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-5-yl)-3-methylphenoxy]-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine (6)

Step 1. Synthesis of 4-[4-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-5-yl)-3-methylphenoxy]-1-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine (C31)

Cesium carbonate (1.03 g, 3.16 mmol) and palladium(II) acetate (24 mg, 0.11 mmol) were added to a solution of C28 (225 mg, 1.05 mmol) and P3 (250 mg, 1.05 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) in a sealable reaction vessel, and the solution was purged with nitrogen for 10 minutes. Di-tert-butyl[3,4,5,6-tetramethyl-2′,4′,6-tri(propan-2-yl)biphenyl-2-yl]phosphane (97%, 104 mg, 0.210 mmol) was added, and the reaction mixture was briefly purged with nitrogen. The vessel was sealed and the reaction mixture was stirred at 100° C. for 3 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was filtered through Celite and the filter pad was washed with ethyl acetate; the combined filtrates were concentrated in vacuo and purified via silica gel chromatography (Eluents: 20%, then 50%, then 100% ethyl acetate in heptane). The product was obtained as an off-white solid. Yield: 272 mg, 0.655 mmol, 62%. LCMS m/z 416.5 [M+H⁺]. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.99 (s, 1H), 8.11 (d, J=0.6 Hz, 1H), 7.99 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.25-7.27 (m, 2H, assumed; partially obscured by solvent peak), 7.20-7.24 (m, 1H), 7.10 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 5.73 (dd, J=9.4, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 4.04-4.10 (m, 1H), 3.74-3.82 (m, 1H), 2.49-2.59 (m, 1H), 2.28 (s, 6H), 2.08-2.21 (m, 2H), 2.04 (s, 3H), 1.66-1.84 (s, 3H).

Step 2. Synthesis of 4-[4-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-5-yl)-3-methylphenoxy]-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine (6)

C31 (172 mg, 0.414 mmol) was dissolved in 1,4-dioxane (5 mL) and dichloromethane (5 mL), and cooled to 0° C. A solution of hydrogen chloride in 1,4-dioxane (4 M, 1.04 mL, 4.16 mmol) was added, and the reaction mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature for 45 hours. After removal of solvent in vacuo, the residue was partitioned between saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and dichloromethane. The aqueous layer was extracted twice with dichloromethane, and the combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure, affording the product as an off-white solid. Yield: 130 mg, 0.392 mmol, 95%. LCMS m/z 332.3 [M+H⁺]. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 9.00 (s, 1H), 8.20 (br s, 1H), 7.99 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.28-7.30 (m, 1H), 7.23-7.27 (m, 1H), 7.16 (dd, J=6.0, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 7.11 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 2.28 (s, 6H), 2.05 (s, 3H).

Preparation P8

6-(4-Hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)-1,5-dimethylpyrazin-2(1H)-one (P8)

Step 1. Synthesis of 1-(4-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)propan-2-one (C8)

Four batches of this experiment were carried out (4×250 g substrate). Tributyl(methoxy)stannane (400 g, 1.24 mol), 1-bromo-4-methoxy-2-methylbenzene (250 g, 1.24 mol), prop-1-en-2-yl acetate (187 g, 1.87 mol), palladium(II) acetate (7.5 g, 33 mmol) and tris(2-methylphenyl)phosphane (10 g, 33 mmol) were stirred together in toluene (2 L) at 100° C. for 18 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was treated with aqueous potassium fluoride solution (4 M, 400 mL) and stirred for 2 hours at 40° C. The resulting mixture was diluted with toluene (500 mL) and filtered through Celite; the filter pad was thoroughly washed with ethyl acetate (2×1.5 L). The organic phase from the combined filtrates was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Purification via silica gel chromatography (Gradient: 0% to 5% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether) provided the product as a yellow oil. Combined yield: 602 g, 3.38 mol, 68%. LCMS m/z 179.0 [M+H⁺]. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.05 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 6.70-6.77 (m, 2H), 3.79 (s, 3H), 3.65 (s, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 2.14 (s, 3H).

Step 2. Synthesis of 1-(4-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)propane-1,2-dione (C9)

C8 (6.00 g, 33.7 mmol) and selenium dioxide (7.47 g, 67.3 mmol) were suspended in 1,4-dioxane (50 mL) and heated at 100° C. for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and filtered through Celite; the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo. Silica gel chromatography (Eluent: 10% ethyl acetate in heptane) afforded the product as a bright yellow oil. Yield: 2.55 g, 13.3 mmol, 39%. LCMS m/z 193.1 [M+H⁺]. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.66 (d, J=8.6 Hz, 1H), 6.81 (br d, half of AB quartet, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (br dd, half of ABX pattern, J=8.7, 2.6 Hz, 1H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 2.60 (br s, 3H), 2.51 (s, 3H).

Step 3. Synthesis of 6-(4-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)-5-methylpyrazin-2(1H)-one (C10)

C9 (4.0 g, 21 mmol) and glycinamide acetate (2.79 g, 20.8 mmol) were dissolved in methanol (40 mL) and cooled to −10° C. Aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (12 N, 3.5 mL, 42 mmol) was added, and the resulting mixture was slowly warmed to room temperature. After stirring for 3 days, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was diluted with water, and 1 N aqueous hydrochloric acid was added until the pH was approximately 7. The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the combined organic extracts were washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was slurried with 3:1 ethyl acetate/heptane, stirred for 5 minutes, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Silica gel chromatography (Eluent: ethyl acetate) provided the product as a tan solid that contained 15% of an undesired regioisomer; this material was used without further purification. Yield: 2.0 g. LCMS m/z 231.1 [M+H⁺]. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.09 (s, 1H), 7.14 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 6.82-6.87 (m, 2H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.11 (s, 3H).

Step 4. Synthesis of 6-(4-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)-1,5-dimethylpyrazin-2(1H)-one (C11)

C10 (from the previous step, 1.9 g) was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (40 mL). Lithium bromide (0.86 g, 9.9 mmol) and sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (95%, 1.91 g, 9.89 mmol) were added, and the resulting solution was stirred for 30 minutes. Methyl iodide (0.635 mL, 10.2 mmol) was added and stirring was continued at room temperature for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was then diluted with water and brought to a pH of approximately 7 by slow portion-wise addition of 1 N aqueous hydrochloric acid. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate and the combined organic layers were washed several times with water, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated. Silica gel chromatography (Gradient: 75% to 100% ethyl acetate in heptane) afforded the product as a viscous orange oil. Yield: 1.67 g, 6.84 mmol, 33% over two steps. LCMS m/z 245.1 [M+H⁺]. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.17 (s, 1H), 7.03 (br d, J=8 Hz, 1H), 6.85-6.90 (m, 2H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 3.18 (s, 3H), 2.08 (br s, 3H), 2.00 (s, 3H).

Step 5. Synthesis of P8

To a −78° C. solution of C11 (1.8 g, 7.37 mmol) in dichloromethane (40 mL) was added a solution of boron tribromide in dichloromethane (1 M, 22 mL, 22 mmol). The cooling bath was removed after 30 minutes, and the reaction mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stir for 18 hours. The reaction was cooled to −78° C., and methanol (10 mL) was slowly added; the resulting mixture was slowly warmed to room temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo, methanol (20 mL) was added, and the mixture was again concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with ethyl acetate (300 mL) and water (200 mL) and the aqueous layer was brought to pH 7 via portion-wise addition of saturated aqueous sodium carbonate solution. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×200 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with water and with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo to afford the product as a light tan solid. Yield: 1.4 g, 6.0 mmol, 81%. LCMS m/z 231.1 [M+H⁺]. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.21 (s, 1H), 6.98 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 6.87-6.89 (m, 1H), 6.85 (br dd, J=8.2, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 3.22 (s, 3H), 2.06 (br s, 3H), 2.03 (s, 3H).

Step 1. Synthesis of 5-(4-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine (C27)

1,1′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(II)-dichloromethane complex (5 g, 6 mmol) was added to a degassed mixture of 2-(4-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (30 g, 120 mmol), 5-bromo-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine (22.5 g, 120 mmol), and potassium phosphate (76.3 g, 359 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (300 mL) and water (150 mL). The reaction mixture was heated at reflux for 4 hours, whereupon it was filtered and concentrated in vacuo. Purification via silica gel chromatography (Gradient: ethyl acetate in petroleum ether) provided the product as a brown solid. Yield: 25 g, 110 mmol, 92%. LCMS m/z 229.3 [M+H⁺]. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.95 (s, 1H), 6.94 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 6.87-6.89 (m, 1H), 6.84 (dd, J=8.3, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 3.86 (s, 3H), 2.21 (s, 6H), 1.99 (s, 3H).

Step 2. Synthesis of 4-(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-5-yl)-3-methylphenol (C28)

Boron tribromide (3.8 mL, 40 mmol) was added drop-wise to a solution of C27 (3.0 g, 13 mmol) in dichloromethane (150 mL) at −70° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours, then adjusted to pH 8 with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. The aqueous layer was extracted with dichloromethane (3×200 mL), and the combined organic layers were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. Silica gel chromatography (Gradient: 60% to 90% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether) afforded the product as a yellow solid. Yield: 1.2 g, 5.6 mmol, 43%. LCMS m/z 215.0 [M+H⁺]. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.98 (s, 1H), 6.89 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 6.80 (dd, J=8.3, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 2.24 (s, 6H), 1.96 (s, 3H).

//////////////PF 2562, non-catechol dopamine 1 receptor agonist, PFIZER, Jennifer Elizabeth Davoren, Amy Beth Dounay, Ivan Viktorovich Efremov, David Lawrence Firman Gray, Scot Richard Mente, Steven Victor O’Neil, Bruce Nelsen Rogers, Chakrapani Subramanyam, Lei Zhang, 1609258-91-4

Now at #MEDI 1st time disclosures David Gray of @pfizer on a non-catechol dopamine 1 receptor agonist #ACSSanFran

Cc1ncnc(C)c1c2ccc(cc2C)Oc4nccc3nncc34

Tamibarotene

тамибаротен , تاميباروتان , 他米巴罗汀 ,

94497-51-5  CAS

• Molecular FormulaC₂₂H₂₅NO₃
• Average mass351.439 Da

4-(((5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)amino)carbonyl)benzoic Acid, Tamibarotene

Tamibarotene , a small molecule retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARα) agonists developed by Nippon Shinyaku, was approved in Japan for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) in 2005. Recently, the drug was in clinical development for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplasia, pediatric solid tumor, and steroid-refractory

Tamibarotene (brand name: Amnolake), also called retinobenzoic acid, is orally active, synthetic retinoid, developed to overcome all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) resistance, with potential antineoplastic activity against acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) .^[1] It is currently marketed only in Japan and early trials have demonstrated that it tends to be better tolerated than ATRA.^[2] It has also been investigated as a possible treatment for Alzheimer’s disease, multiple myeloma and Crohn’s disease.^[2][3]

Synthesis

The tetralin-based compound tamibarotene (7) has been tested as an agent for treating leukaemias.

Reaction of the diol (1) with hydrogen chloride affords the corresponding dichloro derivative (2). Aluminum chloride mediated Friedel–Crafts alkylation of acetanilide with the dichloride affords the tetralin (3). Basic hydrolysis leads to the primary amine (4). Acylation of the primary amino group with the half acid chloride half ester from terephthalic acid (5) leads to the amide (6). Basic hydrolysis of the ester grouping then affords (7).^[4]

PAPER

Synthesis of Tamibarotene via Ullmann-Type Coupling

Xuefei Bao, Xuejun Qiao, Changshun Bao, Yuting Liu, Xuan Zhao, Yi Lu, and Guoliang Chen^*

Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China

Org. Process Res. Dev., Article ASAP

DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00089

An effective process was developed for the preparation of tamibarotene via an Ullmann-type coupling in a nonpressurized l-proline/DMSO system. Notable features were the telescoping of reactions, avoiding environmentally hazardous materials, and an acceptable overall yield. The safe scalable process was validated on a 1 kg scale.

Mp 223–225 °C (lit.   SEE BELOW  mp 231–232 °C); ¹H NMR (400 MHz, chloroform-d) δ 8.22 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 2H), 7.97 (d, J = 7.7 Hz, 2H), 7.80 (s, 1H), 7.54 (s, 1H), 7.46 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.33 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H), 1.70 (s, 4H), 1.31 (s, 6H), 1.29 (s, 6H); MS (ESI) m/z: 350.0 [M – H]⁻

…Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (1988), 31 (11), 2182-92

PAPER

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (1988), 31 (11), 2182-92

PAPER

Chem. Pharm. Bull. 61(8) 846–852 (2013)

https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/cpb/61/8/61_c13-00356/_pdf

References

Tamibarotene

Names
IUPAC name 4-[(1,1,4,4-tetramethyltetralin-6-yl)carbamoyl]benzoic acid
Identifiers
CAS Number	94497-51-5
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
Beilstein Reference	3564473
ChEBI	CHEBI:32181
ChemSpider	97231
DrugBank	DB04942
IUPHAR/BPS	2648
PubChem CID	108143
UNII	08V52GZ3H9
InChI[show]
SMILES[show]
Properties
Chemical formula	C22H25NO3
Molar mass	351.45 g·mol−1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

////////////Tamibarotene, тамибаротен , تاميباروتان , 他米巴罗汀 , 

CC1(C)CCC(C)(C)C2=C1C=CC(NC(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(O)=O)=C2

BLU-285

CAS 1703793-34-3

• Molecular FormulaC₂₆H₂₇FN₁₀
• Average mass498.558 Da

• Originator Blueprint Medicines
• Class Antineoplastics; Skin disorder therapies; Small molecules
• Mechanism of Action Platelet-derived growth factor alpha receptor modulators; Proto oncogene protein c-kit inhibitors

• Orphan Drug Status Yes – Systemic mastocytosis; Gastrointestinal stromal tumours
• Phase I Gastrointestinal stromal tumours; Solid tumours; Systemic mastocytosis
• 04 Dec 2016 Proof-of-concept data from phase I trial in Systemic mastocytosis presented at the 58^thAnnual Meeting and Exposition of the American Society of Hematology (ASH Hem-2016)
• 03 Dec 2016 Pharmacodynamics data from preclinical studies in Systemic mastocytosis presented at the 58^th Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Society of Hematology (ASH-Hem-2016)
• 03 Dec 2016 Preliminary pharmacokinetic data from a phase I trial in Systemic mastocytosis presented at the 58th Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Society of Hematology (ASH Hem-2016)

BLU 285

(S)- 1 – (4- fluorophenyl)- l-(2-(4-(6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolo[2, l-/] [l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)piperazin-l-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl)ethanamine (Compounds 44) WO2015057873

Yulian Zhang,

ΚΓΓ and PDGFR.

The enzyme KIT (also called CD117) is a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed on a wide variety of cell types. The KIT molecule contains a long extracellular domain, a transmembrane segment, and an intracellular portion. The ligand for KIT is stem cell factor (SCF), whose binding to the extracellular domain of KIT induces receptor dimerization and activation of downstream signaling pathways. KIT mutations generally occur in the DNA encoding the juxtumembrane domain (exon 11). They also occur, with less frequency, in exons 7, 8, 9, 13, 14, 17, and 18. Mutations make KIT function independent of activation by SCF, leading to a high cell division rate and possibly genomic instability. Mutant KIT has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several disorders and conditions including systemic mastocytosis, GIST (gastrointestinal stromal tumors), AML (acute myeloid leukemia), melanoma, and seminoma. As such, there is a need for therapeutic agents that inhibit ΚΓΓ, and especially agents that inhibit mutant ΚΓΓ.Platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGF-R) are cell surface tyrosine kinase receptors for members of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) family. PDGF subunits -A and -B are important factors regulating cell proliferation, cellular differentiation, cell growth, development and many diseases including cancer. A PDGFRA D842V mutation has been found in a distinct subset of GIST, typically from the stomach. The D842V mutation is known to be associated with tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance. As such, there is a need for agents that target this mutation.

CONTD………..

PATENT

WO 2015057873

Example 7: Synthesis of (R)-l-(4-fluorophenyl)- l-(2-(4-(6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolo[2, 1 -f\ [ 1 ,2,4] triazin-4-yl)piperazin- 1 -yl)pyrimidin-5-yl)ethanamine and (S)- 1 – (4- fluorophenyl)- l-(2-(4-(6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolo[2, l-/] [l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)piperazin-l-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl)ethanamine (Compounds 43 and 44)

Step 1 : Synthesis of (4-fluorophenyl)(2-(4-(6-(l-methyl- lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolo[2,l-f] [ 1 ,2,4] triazin-4-yl)piperazin- 1 -yl)pyrimidin-5-yl)methanone:

4-Chloro-6-(l-methyl- lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolo[2,l-/] [l,2,4]triazine (180 mg, 0.770 mmol), (4-fluorophenyl)(2-(piperazin-l-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl)methanone, HC1 (265 mg, 0.821 mmol) and DIPEA (0.40 mL, 2.290 mmol) were stirred in 1,4-dioxane (4 mL) at room temperature for 18 hours. Saturated ammonium chloride was added and the products extracted into DCM (x2). The combined organic extracts were dried over Na₂S0₄, filtered through Celite eluting with DCM, and the filtrate concentrated in vacuo. Purification of the residue by MPLC (25- 100% EtOAc-DCM) gave (4-fluorophenyl)(2-(4-(6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolo[2,l- ] [l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)piperazin- l-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl)methanone (160 mg, 0.331 mmol, 43 % yield) as an off-white solid. MS (ES+) C₂5H₂₂FN₉0 requires: 483, found: 484 [M + H]⁺.

Step 2: Synthesis of (5,Z)-N-((4-fluorophenyl)(2-(4-(6-(l-methyl- lH-p razol-4-yl)p rrolo[2, l- ] [l,2,4]triazin-4- l)piperazin- l-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl)methylene)-2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamide:

(S)-2-Methylpropane-2-sulfinamide (110 mg, 0.908 mmol), (4-fluorophenyl)(2-(4-(6-(l-methyl- lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolo[2,l-/][l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)piperazin- l-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl)methanone (158 mg, 0.327 mmol) and ethyl orthotitanate (0.15 mL, 0.715 mmol) were stirred in THF (3.2 mL) at 70 °C for 18 hours. Room temperature was attained, water was added, and the products extracted into EtOAc (x2). The combined organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over Na₂S0₄, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo while loading onto Celite. Purification of the residue by MPLC (0- 10% MeOH-EtOAc) gave (5,Z)-N-((4-fluorophenyl)(2-(4-(6-(l-methyl- lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolo[2, l-/] [l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)piperazin-l-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl)methylene)-2- methylpropane-2-sulfinamide (192 mg, 0.327 mmol, 100 % yield) as an orange solid. MS (ES+) C2₉H₃iFN₁₀OS requires: 586, found: 587 [M + H]⁺.

Step 3: Synthesis of (_lS’)-N-(l-(4-fluorophenyl)- l-(2-(4-(6-(l-methyl- lH-pyrazol-4- l)pyrrolo[2, l-/] [l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)piperazin-l-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane-2-

(_lS’,Z)-N-((4-Fluorophenyl)(2-(4-(6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolo[2,l- ] [l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)piperazin- l-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl)methylene)-2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamide (190 mg, 0.324 mmol) was taken up in THF (3 mL) and cooled to 0 °C. Methylmagnesium bromide (3 M solution in diethyl ether, 0.50 mL, 1.500 mmol) was added and the resulting mixture stirred at 0 °C for 45 minutes. Additional methylmagnesium bromide (3 M solution in diethyl ether, 0.10 mL, 0.300 mmol) was added and stirring at 0 °C continued for 20 minutes. Saturated ammonium chloride was added and the products extracted into EtOAc (x2). The combined organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over Na₂S0₄, filtered, and concentrated in vacuo while loading onto Celite. Purification of the residue by MPLC (0-10% MeOH-EtOAc) gave (_lS’)-N-(l-(4-fluorophenyl)-l-(2-(4-(6-(l-methyl- lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolo[2, l- ] [l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)piperazin- l-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamide (120 mg, 0.199 mmol, 61.5 % yield) as a yellow solid (mixture of diastereoisomers). MS (ES+) C₃oH₃₅FN₁₀OS requires: 602, found: 603 [M + H]⁺.

Step 4: Synthesis of l-(4-fluorophenyl)- l-(2-(4-(6-(l-methyl- lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolo[2,l-f\ [ 1 ,2,4] triazin-4- l)piperazin- 1 -yl)pyrimidin-5-yl)ethanamine:

(S)-N- ( 1 – (4-Fluorophenyl)- 1 -(2- (4- (6-( 1 -methyl- 1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolo [2,1-/] [l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)piperazin- l-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl)-2-methylpropane-2-sulfinamide (120 mg, 0.199 mmol) was stirred in 4 M HCl in 1,4-dioxane (1.5 mL)/MeOH (1.5 mL) at room temperature for 1 hour. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue triturated in EtOAc to give l-(4-fluorophenyl)- l-(2-(4-(6-(l -methyl- lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolo[2, l-/][l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)piperazin- l-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl)ethanamine, HCl (110 mg, 0.206 mmol, 103 % yield) as a pale yellow solid. MS (ES+) C₂₆H₂₇FN₁₀ requires: 498, found: 482 [M- 17 + H]+, 499 [M + H]⁺.

Step 5: Chiral separation of (R)-l-(4-fluorophenyl)- l-(2-(4-(6-(l-methyl- lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolo[2, l-/] [l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)piperazin-l-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl)ethanamine and (5)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)- l-(2-(4-(6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolo[2, l-/] [l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)piperazin-1 -yl)pyrimidin- -yl)ethanamine:

The enantiomers of racemic l-(4-fluorophenyl)- l-(2-(4-(6-(l-methyl- lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolo[2, l-/] [l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)piperazin-l-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl)ethanamine (94 mg, 0.189 mmol) were separated by chiral SFC to give (R)-l-(4-fluorophenyl)- l-(2-(4-(6-(l-methyl-lH-

pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolo[2, l-/][l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)piperazin- l-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl)ethanamine (34.4 mg, 0.069 mmol, 73.2 % yield) and (_lS^,)-l-(4-fluorophenyl)- l-(2-(4-(6-(l-methyl-lH-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrrolo[2, l-/] [l,2,4]triazin-4-yl)piperazin-l-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl)ethanamine (32.1 mg, 0.064 mmol, 68.3 % yield). The absolute stereochemistry was assigned randomly. MS (ES+)

C₂₆H₂₇FN₁₀ requires: 498, found: 499 [M + H]⁺.

/////////BLU-285,  1703793-34-3, PHASE 1,  Brian Hodous, BlueprintMeds,  KIT & PDGFRalpha inhibitors, Orphan Drug Status

Fc1ccc(cc1)[C@](C)(N)c2cnc(nc2)N3CCN(CC3)c4ncnn5cc(cc45)c6cn(C)nc6

Next in 1st time disclosures Brian Hodous of @BlueprintMeds will talk about KIT & PDGFRalpha inhibitors #ACSSanFran

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved several quinazoline derivatives for clinical use as anticancer drugs. These include gefitinib, erlotinib, lapatinib, afatinib, and vandetanib (Fig.1) [43]. Gefitinib (Iressa®) was approved by the FDA in 2003 for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in patients after failure of both platinum-based and/or docetaxel chemotherapies. In 2004, erlotinib (Tarceva®) was approved by the FDA for treating NSCLC. Furthermore, in 2005, the FDA approved erlotinib in combination with gemcitabine for treatment of locally advanced, unrespectable, or metastatic pancreatic cancer. Erlotinib acts as a reversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Lapatinib (Tykreb®) was approved by the FDA in 2012 for breast cancer treatment. It inhibits the activity of both human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2/neu) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathways. Vandetanib (Caprelsa®) was approved by the FDA in 2011 for the treatment of metastatic medullary thyroid cancer. It acts as a kinase inhibitor of a number of cell receptors, mainly the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), EGFR, and rearranged during transfection (RET)-tyrosine kinase (TK). Afatinib (Gilotrif®) was approved by the FDA in 2013 for NSCLC treatment. It acts as an irreversible covalent inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) for EGFR and erbB-2 (HER2).

An insight into the therapeutic potential of quinazoline derivatives as anticancer agents

Abstract

An insight into the therapeutic potential of quinazoline derivatives as anticancer agents

Dr. Shagufta Waseem

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR – CHEMISTRY

Biography

Office No.: C42

Phone: Tel. Ext. 1331

Email: shagufta.waseem@aurak.ac.ae

Biography

Dr. Shagufta joined the American University of Ras Al Khaimah as an Assistant Professor of Chemistry in the School of Arts and Sciences in August 2014. Prior to joining AURAK, Dr. Shagufta worked as an Adjunct Assistant Professor of Chemistry at the University of Modern Sciences, Dubai and American University of Ras Al Khaimah, UAE.

Dr. Shagufta also worked as a Postdoctoral Researcher Associate at the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Oklahoma University, USA. She developed the noble drug delivery system for breast cancer drugs using carbon nanotubes and acquired the significant experience in nanotechnology and synthetic organic chemistry. She was appointed as a Postdoctoral Research Fellow and Visiting Scientist at Leiden/Amsterdam Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden, The Netherlands. Her research interest was In silico prediction and clinical evaluation of the cardiotoxicity of drug candidates. She was focused to identify chemical substructures as ‘chemical alerts’ that interact with this hERG channel.  Dr. Shagufta received a Ph.D. under the prestigious CSIR-JRF and SRF research fellowship in Chemistry from Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI)/Lucknow University, India in 2008, her PhD research work was in the field of estrogens and antiestrogens, design and synthesis of steroidal and non-steroidal tissue selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) for breast cancer, 3D-QSAR CoMFA and CoMSIA studies and analysis of pharmaceutical important molecules.

Dr. Shagufta has published 20 articles in peer-reviewed International journals of Royal Society of Chemistry, Elsevier, Wiley and Springer. Dr. Shagufta teaches courses such as General chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Chemistry in Everyday Life, and Spectroscopy along with laboratory courses.

Research and Publication

Research Interest-Dr. Shagufta 

Organic Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry focused on Breast Cancer and Osteoporosis, Heterogeneous catalysis and Nanotechnology.

Publications- Dr. Shagufta 

1. Irshad Ahmad and Shagufta. 2015. Recent developments in steroidal and nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitors for the chemoprevention of estrogen-dependent breast cancer. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 102, 375-386.

2. Irshad Ahmad and Shagufta. 2015. Sulfones: An important class of organic compounds with diverse biological activities. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 7 (3), 19-27.

3. Priyanka Singh, Subal Kumar Dinda, Shagufta, Gautam Panda. 2013. Synthetic approach towards trisubstituted methanes and a chiral tertiary α-hydroxyaldehyde, possible intermediate for tetrasubstituted methanes. RSC Adv.(Royal Society of Chemistry) 3, 12100-12103. [ISSN: 2046-2069] 

4. Donna J. Nelson, Shagufta, Ravi Kumar. 2012. Characterization of a tamoxifen-tethered single-walled carbon nanotube conjugate by using NMR spectroscopy. Anal. Bioanal. Chem.[Springer] 404:771–776. [ISSN: 1618-2642]

5. Donna J. Nelson, Ravi Kumar, Shagufta. 2012. Regiochemical reversals in nitrosobenzene reactions with carbonyl compounds – α-aminooxy ketone versus α-hydroxyamino ketone products. Eur. J. Org. Chem.(Wiley-VCH) 6013-6020. [ISSN: 1099-0690]

6. Munikumar R. Reddy, Elisabeth Klaasse, Shagufta, Adriaan P. IJzerman, Andreas Bender. 2010. Validation of an in silico hERG model and its applications to the virtual screening of commercial compound databases. Chem. Med. Chem. (Wiley-VCH)5: 716-729. [ISSN: 1860-7187] 

7. Shagufta, Dong Guo, Elisabeth Klaasse, Henk de Vries, Johannes Brussee, Lukas Nalos, Martin B Rook, Marc A Vos, Marcel AG van der Heyden and Adriaan P. IJzerman. 2009. Exploring the chemical substructures essential for hERG K+ channel blockade by synthesis and biological evaluation of dofetilide analogues. Chem. Med. Chem.(Wiley-VCH) 4:1722-1732. [ISSN: 1860-7187]

8. Shagufta, Ritesh Singh and Gautam Panda. 2009, Synthetic studies towards steroid-amino acid hybrids. Indian Journal of Chemistry.(Indian Science) 48B: 989-995. [ISSN: 0975-0983]

9. Maloy K. Parai, Shagufta, Ajay K. Srivastava, Matthias Kassack, Gautam Panda. 2008. An unexpected reaction of phosphorous tribromide on chromanone, thiochromanone, 3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b]thiepin-5-one, 3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b]oxepin-5-one and tetralone derived allylic alcohols: a case study. Tetrahedron (Elsevier)64: 9962-9976. [ISSN: 0040-4020]

10. Gautam Panda, Maloy Kumar Parai, Sajal Kumar Das, Shagufta, Manish Sinha, Vinita Chaturvedi, Anil K. Srivastava, Anil N. Gaikwad, Sudhir Sinha. 2007. Effect of substituents on diarymethanes for antitubercular activity. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (Elsevier) 42: 410-419. [ISSN: 0223-5234]

11. Shagufta and Gautam Panda. 2007. A new example of a steroid-amino acid hybrid: Construction of constrained nine membered D-ring steroids. Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry (Royal Society of Chemistry) 5 : 360- 366. [ISSN 1477-0539]

12. Shagufta, Ashutosh Kumar, Gautam Panda and Mohammad Imran Siddiqi. 2007. CoMFA and CoMSIA 3D-QSAR analysis of diaryloxy methano phenanthrene derivatives as anti- tubercular agents. Journal of Molecular Modeling (Springer) 13: 99-107. [ISSN:0948-5023]

13. Shagufta, Ajay Kumar Srivastava, Ramesh Sharma, Rajeev Mishra, Anil K. Balapure, Puvvada S. R. Murthy and Gautam Panda. 2006. Substituted phenanthrenes with basic amino side chains: A new series of anti-breast cancer agents. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry (Elsevier) 14: 1497-1505. [ISSN: 0968-0896]

14. Shagufta, Ajay Kumar Srivastava and Gautam Panda. 2006. Isomerization of allylic alcohols into saturated carbonyls using phosphorus tribromide. Tetrahedron Letters (Elsevier) 47: 1065-1070. [ISSN: 0040-4039]

15. Gautam Panda, Jitendra K. Mishra, Shagufta, T. C. Dinadayalane and G. Narahari Sastry & Devendra S Negi. 2006. Hard-soft acid-base (HSAB) principle and difference in d-orbital configurations of metals explain the regioselectivity of nucleophilic attack to a carbinol in Friedel-Crafts reaction catalyzed by Lewis and protonic acids. Indian Journal of Chemistry (Indian Science)45B: 276-287. [ISSN: 0975-0983]

16. Shagufta, Maloy Kumar Parai and Gautam Panda. 2005. A new strategy for the synthesis of aryl- and heteroaryl-substituted exocyclic olefins from allyl alcohols using PBr3. Terahedron Letters (Elsevier) 46: 8849-8852. [ISSN: 0040-4039]

17. Shagufta, Resmi Raghunandan, Prakash R. Maulik and Gautam Panda. 2005. Convenient phosphorus tribromide induced syntheses of substituted 1-arylmethylnaphthalenes from 1-tetralone derivatives. Tetrahedron Letters (Elsevier) 46: 5337-5341. [ISSN: 0040-4039]

18. Gautam Panda, Shagufta, Anil K. Srivastava and Sudhir Sinha. 2005. Synthesis and antitubercular activity of 2-hydroxy-aminoalkyl derivatives of diaryloxy methano phenanthrenes. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters (Elsevier) 15: 5222-5225. [ISSN: 0960-894X]

19. Sajal Kumar Das, Shagufta, and Gautam Panda. 2005. An easy access to unsymmetric trisubstituted methane derivatives (TRSMs). Tetrahedron Letters (Elsevier) 46: 3097-3102. [ISSN: 0040-4039]

20. Shagufta, Jitendra Kumar Mishra, Vinita Chaturvedi, Anil K. Srivastava, Ranjana Srivastava and Brahm S. Srivastava. 2004. Diaryloxy methano phenanthrenes: a new class of antituberculosis agents. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry (Elsevier) 12: 5269-5276. [ISSN: 0968-0896]

Dr. Irshad Ahmad

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR – CHEMISTRY

Biography

Office No.: C21

Phone: Tel. Ext. 1270

Email: iahmad@aurak.ac.ae

Biography

Dr. Irshad Ahmad joined the American University of Ras Al Khaimah in spring 2011 as an Assistant Professor of Chemistry. He received the master’s degree in chemistry from Jiwaji University in 1999. Subsequently acquired significant pharmaceutical industrial experience and developed cardio-selective beta-blocker drug molecule. He joined Central Salt and Marine Chemical Research Institute and Bhavnagar University under the sponsored project of DST and CSIR as a senior research fellow and received his PhD degree in chemistry in 2006. Subsequently, he accepted an invited scientist position in Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, South Korea and contributed his expertise in the field of Nanotechnology. Dr. Irshad is a recipient of prestigious European fellowships (NWO-Rubicon & FCT) and he joined Van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands as a NWO Rubicon fellow (Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, the Dutch Science Foundation), he acquired expertise in the field of supramolecular chemistry.

Afterward, he moved to the Leibniz Institute for Surface Modification, Leipzig, Germany under the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Grant. Dr. Irshad developed “Novel ultra-fast metathesis catalyst” for the production of high quality alternating copolymers. Subsequently Dr. Irshad, joined Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Science Research Center, University of Oklahoma, USA as a postdoctoral research associate.  He developed strategies for the novel environmentally friendly reactions for the production of value added chemicals from biomass.

Dr. Irshad specialized in the area of chemistry, bridging the traditional disciplines of inorganic, organic and bio-organic chemistry. He contributed US and European patent for green and clean technology development. He has published peer-reviewed international research articles in the American Chemical Society (ACS), Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) Cambridge, Elsevier Science, Wiley, and Springer journals. He has presented his research at several scientific conferences worldwide and received awards.

Research and Publication

Research Interest:

Asymmetric catalysis, Biotechnology, Metathesis, Material science, Nanotechnology, Pharmaceutical, Renewable energy and Supramolecular chemistry

Book:

Asymmetric Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysts: An Approach to the Synthesis of Chiral Drug Intermediates by Scholars Press, Germany. 2013, ISBN: 978-3-639-51138-3

Membership:   

• American Chemical Society (ACS), USA
• The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, UK

Patents:

• United States Patent 7,235,676, H. Khan, S. H. R. Abdi, R. I. Kureshy, S. Singh, I. Ahmad, R. V. Jasra, P. K. Ghosh, ‘Catalytic process for the preparation of epoxides from alkenes.

• Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) WO/2005/095370, N. H. Khan, S. H. R. Abdi, R. I. Kureshy, S. Singh, I. Ahmad, R. V. Jasra, P. K. Ghosh. An improved catalytic process for the preparation of epoxides from alkenes.

• European Patent EP 1732910 A1, N. H. Khan, S. H. R. Abdi, R. I. Kureshy, S. SinghA, I. Ahmad, R. V. Jasra, P. K. Ghosh, An improved catalytic process for the preparation of epoxides from alkenes. 

Publications:

• Pramoda, U. Gupta, I. Ahmad, R. Kumar, C.N.R. Rao, Assemblies of Covalently Cross-linked Nanosheets of MoS₂ and of MoS₂-RGO: Synthesis and Novel Properties, Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 4, 2016, 8989.

• Shagufta, I. Ahmad, Recent insight into the biological activities of synthetic xanthone derivatives, European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 116, 2016, 267.

• Ahmad, Shagufta, Recent Development in Steroidal and Non-steroidal Aromatase Inhibitors for the Chemoprevention of Estrogen dependent Breast Cancer, European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 102, 2015, 375.

• Ahmad, Shagufta, Sulfones: An important class of organic compounds with diverse biological activities, International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 7, 3, 2015, 19.

• Kumar, K. Gopalakrishnan, I. Ahmad, and C. N. R. Rao, BN-Graphene Composites Generated by Covalent Cross-Linking with Organic Linkers, Advanced Functional Materials, 25, 37, 2015, 5910.

• Kumar, D. Raut, I. Ahmad,   U. Ramamurty,   T. K. Maji and   C. N. R. Rao. Functionality preservation with enhanced mechanical integrity in the nanocomposites of the metal–organic framework, ZIF-8, with BN nanosheets, Materials Horizons, 1, 2014, 513.

• R. Buchmeiser, I. Ahmad, V. Gurram and P. S. Kumar, Pseudo-Halide and Nitrate Derivatives of Grubbs and Grubbs_Hoveyda Initiators: Some Structural Features Related to the Alternating Ring-Opening Metathesis Copolymerization of Norborn-2-ene with Cyclic Olefins, Macromolecule, 44 (11), 2011, 4098.

• Ahmad, G. Chapman and K. M. Nicholas, Sulfite-Driven, Oxorhenium-Catalyzed Deoxydehydration of Glycols, Organometallics, 30 (10), 2011, 2810.

• Vkuturi, G. Chapman, I. Ahmad, K. M. Nicholas, Rhenium-Catalyzed Deoxydehydration of Glycols by Sulfite, Inorganic Chemistry, 49, 2010, 4744.

• I. Kureshy, I. Ahmad, K. Pathak, N. H. Khan, S. H. R. Abdi, H. C. Bajaj, Solvent- free microwave synthesis of aryloxypropanolamines by ring opening of aryloxy epoxides, Research Letters in Organic Chemistry, 2009, Article ID 109717, doi:10.1155/2009/109717.

• I. Kureshy, I. Ahmad, K. Pathak, N. H. Khan, S. H. R. Abdi, R. V. Jasra, Sulfonic acid functionalized mesoporous SBA-15 as an efficient and recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of chromenes from chromanols, Catalysis Communications 10, 2009, 572.

• Pathak, I. Ahmad, S. H. R. Abdi, R. I. Kureshy, N. H. Khan, R. V. Jasra, The synthesis of silica-supported chiral BINOL: Application in Ti-catalyzed asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to aldehydes, Journal of Molecular Catalysis A-Chemical 280, 2008, 106.

• Kluwer, I. Ahmad, J. N. H. Reek, Improved synthesis of monodentate and bidentate 2- and 3-pyridylphosphines, Tetrahedron Letter 48, 2007, 2999.

• Pathak, I. Ahmad, S. H. R. Abdi, R. I. Kureshy, N. H. Khan, R. V. Jasra, Oxidative Kinetic Resolution of racemic Secondary Alcohols catalyzed by recyclable Dimeric Mn(III) salen catalysts, Journal of Molecular Catalysis A-Chemical 274, 2007, 120.

• I. Kureshy, I. Ahmad, N. H. Khan, S. H. R. Abdi, K. Pathak, R. V. Jasra, Easily Recyclable Chiral Polymeric Mn (salen) Complex for Oxidative Kinetic resolution of Racemic Secondary Alcohols, Chirality, 19, 2007, 352.

• Pathak, A. P. Bhatt, S. H. R. Abdi, R. I. Kureshy, N. H. Khan, I. Ahmad, R. V. Jasra, Enantioselective phenylacetylene addition to aromatic aldehydes and ketones catalyzed by recyclable polymeric Zn(II) salen complex, Chirality, 19, 2007, 1.

• I. Kureshy, I. Ahmad, N. H. Khan, S. H. R. Abdi, K. Pathak, R. V. Jasra, Chiral Mn (III) salen complexes covalently bonded on modified MCM-41 and SBA-15 as efficient catalysts for enantioselective epoxidation of non- functionalized alkenes, Journal of Catalysis A-Chemical, 238, 2006, 134.

• Pathak, A. P. Bhatt, S. H. R. Abdi, R. I. Kureshy, N. H. Khan, I. Ahmad, R. V. Jasra Enantioselective addition of diethylzinc to aldehydes using immobilized chiral BINOL-Ti complex on ordered mesoporous silicas, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry,17, 2006, 1506.

• I. Kureshy, I. Ahmad, N. H. Khan, S. H. R. Abdi, K. Pathak, R. V. Jasra, Encapsulation of chiral MnIII (salen) complex in ordered mesoporous silicas: An approach Towards heterogenizing asymmetric Epoxidation catalysts for non-Functionalized alkenes, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry 16, 2005, 3562.

• I. Kureshy, I. Ahmad, N. H. Khan, S. H. R. Abdi, S. Singh, P. H. Pandia, R. V. Jasra, New immobilized chiral Mn(III) salen complexes on pyridine N-Oxide Modified MCM-41as effective catalysts for epoxidation of nonfunctionalized Alkenes, Journal of Catalysis A- Chemical 235 , 2005, 28.

• Pathak, A. P. Bhatt, S. H. R. Abdi, R. I. Kureshy, N. H. Khan, I. Ahmad, R. V. Jasra Enantioselective addition of diethylzinc to aldehydes using immobilized chiral BINOL-Ti complex on ordered mesoporous silicas, Tetrahedron: Asymmetry,17, 2006, 1506.

• I. Kureshy, S. Singh, N. H. Khan, S. H. R. Abdi, I. Ahmad, A. Bhatt, R. V. Jasra, Improved catalytic activity of homochiral dimeric cobalt salen hydrolytic kinetic resolution of terminal racemic epoxides, Chirality, 17, 2005, 1.

• I. Kureshy, S. Singh, N. H. Khan, S. H. R. Abdi , I. Ahmad, .Bhatt, R. V. Jasra, Environment friendly protocol for enantioselective epoxidation of non-functionalized Alkenes catalyzed by recyclable homochiral dimeric Mn(III)salen complexes with hydrogen peroxide and UHP adduct as Oxidants, Catalysis Letters, 107, 2005, 127.

• I. Kureshy, N. H. Khan, S. H. R. Abdi, I. Ahmad, S. Singh, and R. V. Jasra, Dicationic chiral Mn (III) Salen complex exchange in the interlayers of Montmorillonite clay: a heterogeneous enantioselective catalyst for epoxidation of non-functionalised alkenes, Journal of Catalysis, 221, 2004, 234.

• I. Kureshy, N. H. Khan, S. H. R. Abdi, S. Singh, I. Ahmad, R. V. Jasra, Catalytic asymmetric epoxidation of non-functionalised alkenes using polymeric Mn(III)Salen as catalysts and NaOCl as oxidant, Journal of Molecular Catalysis A-Chemical, 218, 2004, 141.

• I. Kureshy, N.H. Khan, S.H. R. Abdi, A. P. Vyas, I. Ahmad, S. Singh, R. V. Jasra, Enantioselective Epoxidation of Non-Functionalised Alkenes catalysed by recyclable new Homo Chiral Dimeric Mn(III) Salen complexes, Journal of Catalysis, 224, 2004, 229.

• I. Kureshy, N. H. Khan, S. H. R. Abdi, I. Ahmad, S. Singh, and R. V. Jasra, Immobilization of dicationic Mn(III) salen in the interlayers of montmorrillonite Clay for enantioselective epoxidation of non-functionalised alkenes, Catalysis Letters, 91, 2003, 207.

Selected International Events:

• Applied Nanotechnology and Nanoscience International Conference (ANNIC), November 9-11, 2016, Barcelona, SPAIN.

• 2^nd International Conference on Smart Material Research (ICSMR), September 22-24, 2016, Istanbul, TURKEY.

• Emirates Foundation’s Think Science Competition, April 17-19, 2016, World Trade Center, Dubai, UAE.

• SSL Visiting Fellow 2013-15 at the International Centre for Materials Science, JNCASR, SSL, Bangalore, INDIA.

• Global Conference on Materials Sciences (GC-MAS-2014), November 13-15, 2014, Antalya, TURKEY.

• 5^th Annual International Workshop on Advanced Material (IWAM 2013), organized by Ras Al Khaimah Center for Advance Materials (RAK CAM), Feb. 24-26, 2013 at Al Hamra Fort Hotel, Ras Al Khaimah, UAE.

• Internal Quality Assurance in Higher Education Institutions workshop organized by the Commission for Academic Accreditation (CAA)- 2nd May 2011, Alghurair University campus, Dubai, UAE.

• 45^th American Chemical Society (ACS) Midwest Regional meeting, Oct. 27-30, 2010, Wichita, Kansas, USA.

• 55^th Annual American Chemical Society (ACS) PentaSectional Meeting- Biofuel, April 10, 2010, organized by American Chemical Society (ACS), Norman, Oklahoma, USA.

• 18^th International Symposium on Olefin Metathesis and Related Chemistry (ISOM XVIII), Organized by the Leibniz-Institute for Surface modification (IOM), August 2-7, 2009, Leipzig, GERMANY.

• 16^th International Symposium on Homogeneous Catalysis (ISHC-XVI), July 6-11, 2008, Organized by the Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (ICCOM) of the Italian Research Council (CNR) held in Florence, ITALY.

• European IDECAT Summer School on Computational Methods for Catalysis and Materials Science, 15-22 September 2007, Porquerolles, FRANCE.

• 8^th Netherland’s Catalysis and Chemistry Conference (NCCC), March 5-7, 2007, Noordwijkerhout, The NETHERLANDS.

• 7^th International Symposium on Catalysis Applied to Fine Chemicals organized by German Catalysis Society and Dechema. Oct 23-27, 2005, Bingen -Mainz, GERMANY.

• 1^st Indo- German Conference on Catalysis-A Cross Disciplinary Vision, February 6-8, 2003, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, INDIA.

see rinku.thomas@aurak.ac.ae

NVP-LXS196

CAS 1874276-76-2

3-amino-N-[3-(4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl]-6-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]pyrazine-2-carboxamide

• 3-Amino-N-[3-(4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl]-6-[3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]pyrazine-2-carboxamide

Michael Joseph Luzzio

Julien Papillon,

Michael Scott Visser

SYNTHESIS

Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common cancer of the eye in adults (Singh AD. et al., Ophthalmology. 201 1 ; 1 18: 1881-5). Most UM patients develop metastases for which no curative treatment has been identified so far. The majority of UM tumors have mutations in the genes GNAQ (guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha) and GNA11 (guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit 1 1 ), which encode for small GTPases (Harbour JW. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2012;25: 171-81). Both of these mutations lead to activation of the protein kinase C (PKC) pathway. The up-regulation of PKC pathway has downstream effects which leads to constitutive activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway that has been implicated in causing uncontrolled cell growth in a number of proliferative diseases.

Whilst anti-proliferative effects have been observed with certain PKC pathway inhibitors, no sustained MAPK pathway inhibition has been observed. Thus far, PKC inhibitors (PKCi) have had limited efficacy as single agents in patients (Mochly-Rosen D et al., Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2012 Dec;1 1 (12):937-57). Moreover, inhibition of PKC alone was unable to trigger cell death in vitro and/or tumor regression in vivo (Chen X, et al., Oncogene. 2014;33:4724-34).

The protein p53 is a transcription factor that controls the expression of a multitude of target genes involved in DNA damage repair, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, which are all important phenomena counteracting the malignant growth of tumors. The TP53 gene is one of the most frequently mutated genes in human cancers, with approximately half of all cancers having inactivated p53. Furthermore, in cancers with a non-mutated TP53 gene, typically the p53 is functionally inactivated at the protein level. One of the mechanisms of p53 inactivation is through its interaction with human homolog of MDM2 (Mouse double minute 2) protein. MDM2 protein functions both as an E3 ubiquitin ligase, that leads to proteasomal degradation of p53, and an inhibitor of p53 transcriptional activation. Therefore, MDM2 is an important negative regulator of the p53 tumor suppressor. MDM2 inhibitors can prevent interaction between MDM2 and p53 and thus allow the p53 protein to exert its effector functions. Whilst TP53 mutations are not common in UM, there are reports suggesting the p53 pathway is inactivated by either high expression of MDM2 protein or downregulation of the PERP protein in UM patients.

A combination of an MDM2 inhibitor (Nutlin-3) has been shown to act synergistically with reactivation of p53 and induction of tumor cell apoptosis (RITA) and Topotecan to cause growth inhibition in UM cell lines (De Lange J. et al., Oncogene. 2012;31 :1 105-16). However, Nutlin-3 and Topotecan delayed in vivo tumor growth only in a limited manner.

PATENT

WO 2017029588

PATENT

WO 2016020864

Example 9: 3-amino-N-(3-(4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-l-yl)pyridin-2-yl)- 6-(3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide

Synthesis of tert-butyl (4-meth l-l-(2-nitropyridin-3-yl)piperidin-4-yl)carbamate

To a solution of 3-fluoro-2-nitropyridine (11.2 g, 81 mmol) in dioxane (200 mL) was added tert-butyl (4-methylpiperidin-4-yl)carbamate (26 g, 121 mmol). Huenig’s Base (28.3 mL,

162 mmol) was added and the mixture was heated to 85 °C for 18 hrs. The reaction was cooled to RT and concentrated to give a brown solid. The solids were washed with 200 mL of 4: 1 heptane:EtOAc. Slurry was concentrated to half volume and filtered to collect (26.2 g, 78 mmol, 96%) brown solid. LC-MS (Acidic Method): ret.time= 1.46 min, M+H = 337.4

Step 2: Synthesis of tert-butyl (4-meth l-l-(2-nitropyridin-3-yl)piperidin-4-yl)carbamate

To a solution of tert-butyl (4-methyl-l-(2-nitropyridin-3-yl)piperidin-4-yl)carbamate (11.6 g, 37.2 mmol) in ethyl acetate (200 mL). 10% Pd-C (3.48 g) was added and stirred under H₂ balloon pressure at RT for 4h. A small amount of MgS0₄ was added to the reaction and then the reaction mixture was filtered through a pad of cellite, then washed with ethyl acetate (100 mL) and the filtrate was concentrated to afford a brown solid (8.54 g, 27.9 mmol, 85%). LC-MS (Acidic Method): ret.time= 0.91 min, M+H = 307.4.

Step 3: Synthesis of tert-butyl (l-(2-(3-amino-6-(3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)pyrazine-2-carboxamido)pyridin-3-yl)-4-meth lpiperidin-4-yl)carbamate

To a solution of 3-amino-6-(3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid in dimethyl formamide (125 mL) was added ((lH-benzo[d][l,2,3]triazol-l- yl) oxy)

tris(dimethylamino) phosphonium hexafluorophosphate(V) (1.8g, 4.24 mmol) and 4-methylmorpholine (1 mL, 9.79 mmol). Reaction stirred at RT for 40 minutes. Tert-butyl (l-(2-aminopyridin-3-yl)-4-methylpiperidin-4-yl) carbamate in dimethylformamide (25 mL) was added and reaction stirred for 16 hrs at RT. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and was washed with NaHC03(aq) (3 x 200mL) and brine (lx 200mL). The organic phase was dried with Na₂S0₄, filtered and concentrated. The crude product was taken up in acetonitrile (30 mL) and mixture was allowed to stand at RT for a period of time. Yellow solid collected by filtration (1.39g, 74%). LC-MS (Acidic Method): ret.time= 1.13 mm, M+H = 573.3.

Step 4: Synthesis of 3-amino-N-(3-(4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-l-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-6-(3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)pyrazine-2-carboxamide

A solution of tert-butyl (l-(2-(3-amino-6-(3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)pyrazine-2-carboxamido)pyridin-3-yl)-4-methylpiperidin-4-yl)carbamate (l -39g, 2.06 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) was cooled to 0 °C. 2,2,2-trifluoroacetic acid (2.4 ml, 31 mmol) was added dropwise to the solution. The mixture was allowed to warm to 22 °C and stirred for 4 hrs. Reaction mixture was concentrated to remove DCM and excess TFA. A red oil was produced, which was taken up in 100 mL CHCI₃/IPA 3: 1 and saturated aq. NaHCC was added to neutralize the solution. The mixture was then stirred at 22°C for 16 hrs. The mixture transfered to separatory funnel and aqueous layers were washed with CHCI₃/IPA 3: 1 (3X 100 mL). Combined organic phases were dried with Na₂S0₄, filtered and concentrated to afford a yellow solid. The crude product was recrystallized from acetonitrile. A yellow solid was collected by filtration (0.82g, 83%). LC-MS (Acidic Method ): ret.time= 0.75 mm, M+H = 473.2. 1H NMR (400 MHz, Methanol-^) δ 8.92 (dd, J = 5.1, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 8.68 (s, 1H), 8.47 – 8.27 (m, 1H), 8.12 (dd, J = 4.9, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.83 – 7.50 (m, 2H), 7.18 (dd, J = 7.9, 4.9 Hz, 1H), 3.02 – 2.65 (m, 4H), 1.54 – 1.24 (m, 4H), 0.74 (s, 3H).

REFERENCES

Visser, M.; Papillon, J.; Fan, J.; et al.
NVP-LXS196, a novel PKC inhibitor for the treatment of uveal melanoma
253rd Am Chem Soc (ACS) Natl Meet (April 2-6, San Francisco) 2017, Abst MEDI 366

//////////////NVP-LXS196, NVP-LXS 196, 1874276-76-2, Michael Joseph Luzzio, Julien Papillon,Michael Scott Visser, NOVARTIS, PKC inhibitor,  uveal melanoma

FC(F)(F)c1cccnc1c2cnc(N)c(n2)C(=O)Nc3ncccc3N4CCC(C)(N)CC4

http://sanfrancisco2017.acs.org/i/803418-253rd-american-chemical-society-national-meeting-expo/289

Michael Visser of @Novartis talking now in 1st time disclosures about a PKC inhibitor to treat uveal melanoma #ACSSanFran

Discovery of Clinical Candidate CEP-37440, a Selective Inhibitor of Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) and Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK)

Gregory R. Ott^*†, Mangeng Cheng^†, Keith S. Learn^†, Jason Wagner^†, Diane E. Gingrich^†, Joseph G. Lisko^†, Matthew Curry^†, Eugen F. Mesaros^†, Arup K. Ghose^†, Matthew R. Quail^†, Weihua Wan^†, Lihui Lu^†, Pawel Dobrzanski^†, Mark S. Albom^†, Thelma S. Angeles^†, Kevin Wells-Knecht^†, Zeqi Huang^†, Lisa D. Aimone^†, Elizabeth Bruckheimer^‡, Nathan Anderson^‡, Jay Friedman^‡, Sandra V. Fernandez^§, Mark A. Ator^†, Bruce A. Ruggeri^†, and Bruce D. Dorsey^†

^† Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, 145 Brandywine Parkway, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380, United States

^‡ Champions Oncology, Inc., One University Plaza, Suite 307, Hackensack, New Jersey 07601, United States

^§ Thomas Jefferson University, 233 South 10th Street, 1002 BLSB, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, United States

J. Med. Chem., 2016, 59 (16), pp 7478–7496

DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00487

*Telephone: 1-610-738-6861. E-mail: gregory.ott@tevapharm.com.

Development of a Process Route to the FAK/ALK Dual Inhibitor TEV-37440

Shawn P. Allwein^*† , Dale R. Mowrey†, Daniel E. Petrillo†, James J. Reif†, Vikram C. Purohit†, Karen L. Milkiewicz†, Roger P. Bakale†, Michael A. Christie†, Mark A. Olsen‡, Christopher J. Neville‡, and Gregory J. Gilmartin‡

^†Chemical Process Research & Development, ^‡Analytical Development, Teva Pharmaceuticals, 383 Phoenixville Pike, Malvern, Pennsylvania 19355, United States

Org. Process Res. Dev., Article ASAP

DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00070

*E-mail: shawn.allwein@tevapharm.com.

The development of a scalable route to TEV-37440, a dual inhibitor of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), is presented. The medicinal chemistry route used to support this target through nomination is reviewed, along with the early process chemistry route to support IND (inversigational new drug) enabling activities within CMC (Chemistry, Manufacturing, and Controls). The identification and development of an improved route that was performed in the pilot plant to supply early phase clinical supplies are discussed. Details surrounding the use of a novel ring expansion, a selective nitration through a para-blocking group strategy, a single-pot amination–hydrogenation, a diastereomeric salt resolution, a through-process step to avoid a hazardous intermediate, and a practical formation of a trihydrochloride dihydrate salt are disclosed.

///////////////////TEV-37440, TEV 37440, CEP-37440, CEP 37440

CNC(=O)c5ccccc5Nc1nc(ncc1Cl)Nc3ccc2C[C@H](CCCc2c3OC)N4CCN(CC4)CCO